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Related Concept Videos

Typical Model Studies01:30

Typical Model Studies

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Fluid mechanics model studies often utilize scaled-down systems to predict fluid behavior in full-scale environments, such as river flows, dam spillways, and structures interacting with open surfaces. Maintaining Froude number similarity in river models is crucial, as it replicates surface flow features like wave patterns and velocities.
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Fluid Pressure over Flat Plate of Variable Width01:02

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When a flat plate is submerged in a fluid, the fluid exerts pressure on the plate. This pressure can lead to many different phenomena, including drag and buoyancy. To understand the behavior of the fluid over a flat plate of variable width, it is essential to analyze the distribution of the pressure exerted.
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Fluid Pressure over Curved Plate of Constant Width01:12

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When a curved plate of constant width is submerged in a liquid, the pressure acting normal to the plate varies continuously both in magnitude and direction. Calculating the magnitude and location of the resultant force at a point is often challenging for such cases. One of the methods to determine the resultant force and its location involves separately calculating the horizontal and vertical components of the resultant force. This complex calculation can be simplified by representing the...
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Fluid Pressure over Flat Plate of Constant Width01:05

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Fluid-structure interaction simulations of the Fontan procedure using variable wall properties.

C C Long1, M-C Hsu, Y Bazilevs

  • 1University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, Mail Code 0411, La Jolla, CA, 92093-0411, USA.

International Journal for Numerical Methods in Biomedical Engineering
|August 8, 2014
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Fluid-structure interaction (FSI) simulations reveal that while FSI has minimal impact on pressure and flow in total cavopulmonary connection (TCPC) patients, it significantly affects wall shear stress and energy efficiency, crucial for predicting thrombus formation.

Keywords:
Fontan procedurecongenital heart diseasefinite element methodfluid-structure interaction

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Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Computational Fluid Dynamics
  • Pediatric Cardiology

Background:

  • Single ventricle heart defects necessitate complex surgical palliation, often involving total cavopulmonary connection (TCPC).
  • Understanding hemodynamics in post-TCPC patients is critical for managing long-term outcomes and preventing complications like thrombosis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To conduct patient-specific, physiologic hemodynamic simulations of two post-operative total cavopulmonary connection (TCPC) patients.
  • To investigate the impact of fluid-structure interaction (FSI) on hemodynamic parameters within the TCPC, including wall shear stress and energy efficiency.

Main Methods:

  • Reconstructed patient anatomy from MRI data and incorporated clinical data (respiration/heart rates, pressures, flow rates) into a finite element framework.
  • Performed arbitrary Lagrangian-Eulerian (ALE) FSI simulations, uniquely applying variable elastic properties to different TCPC regions, including the Gore-Tex conduit.
  • Compared FSI simulation results with rigid wall simulations and clinical pressure tracings, analyzing hepatic flow distribution and energy efficiency.

Main Results:

  • Fluid-structure interaction (FSI) demonstrated minimal influence on pressure tracings, hepatic flow distribution, and time-averaged energy efficiency.
  • Significant effects of FSI were observed on wall shear stress, instantaneous energy efficiency, and vessel wall motion.

Conclusions:

  • While FSI minimally impacts overall pressure and flow dynamics in TCPC, its significant effect on wall shear stress and instantaneous energy efficiency is crucial for future hemodynamic modeling.
  • Accurate prediction of thrombus formation in TCPC patients necessitates the inclusion of FSI effects in computational models.