LL37 induces VEGF expression in dental pulp cells through ERK signalling

Area of Science:

• Biomaterials Science
• Cell Biology
• Molecular Biology

Background:

• Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF) is crucial for angiogenesis.
• Human pulp cells are vital for dental pulp health and regeneration.
• LL37 is an antimicrobial peptide with potential therapeutic applications.

Purpose of the Study:

• To investigate the effect of LL37 on VEGF expression in human pulp cells.
• To elucidate the intracellular signaling pathway mediating LL37's effects.
• To explore LL37's potential as a pulp capping agent.

Main Methods:

• Human pulp cells were treated with LL37 in vitro.
• VEGF mRNA and protein levels were quantified using real-time PCR and ELISA.
• The involvement of MAPK/ERK and NF-κB pathways was assessed using specific inhibitors and Western blotting for phosphorylated ERK1/2.

Main Results:

• LL37 significantly upregulated both VEGF mRNA and protein expression in human pulp cells (P < 0.01).
• Inhibition of the ERK pathway suppressed LL37-induced VEGF increases.
• LL37 treatment led to increased phosphorylation of ERK1/2, indicating ERK pathway activation.

Conclusions:

• LL37 activates the ERK signaling pathway, leading to enhanced VEGF secretion from human pulp cells.
• The angiogenic properties of LL37, coupled with its antimicrobial effects, suggest its potential as a novel pulp capping material for dental applications.