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Related Experiment Videos

Allergy to dialysis materials.

A Röckel1, B Klinke, J Hertel

  • 1Department of Nephrology, Deutsche Klinik für Diagnostik, Wiesbaden, FRG.

Nephrology, Dialysis, Transplantation : Official Publication of the European Dialysis and Transplant Association - European Renal Association
|January 1, 1989
PubMed
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Ethylene oxide (ETO) in dialysis materials is linked to allergic reactions in hemodialysis patients. Switching to ETO-free dialyzers improved symptoms, confirming ETO

Area of Science:

  • Nephrology
  • Allergology
  • Immunology

Background:

  • Hemodialysis patients can experience allergic symptoms.
  • Dialysis materials may trigger hypersensitivity reactions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of specific dialysis materials in allergic sensitization.
  • To identify allergens responsible for allergic symptoms during hemodialysis.

Main Methods:

  • Screening 106 patients for allergic symptoms, IgE, and eosinophils.
  • Measuring complement activation during dialysis in atopic and control groups.
  • Performing RAST testing against dialysis materials like ethylene oxide (ETO), isocyanates (ISO), formaldehyde (FA), and phthalates (PHT).

Main Results:

Related Experiment Videos

  • 16 patients had mild allergic symptoms during dialysis; 10 showed IgE elevation and eosinophilia.
  • 8 patients had positive RASTs for ETO, ETO-ISO-FA, or ISO-PHT.
  • Switching to ETO-free dialyzers ameliorated symptoms in 3 patients with elevated ETO-binding.
  • Complement activation was more pronounced in atopic patients during cellulosic dialysis.

Conclusions:

  • Ethylene oxide (ETO) is confirmed as a significant factor in allergic sensitization among hemodialysis patients.
  • Other tested dialysis materials (ISO, FA, PHT) did not show a similar role in allergic sensitization.
  • ETO-free dialysis represents a potential strategy to mitigate allergic reactions in susceptible patients.