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Generation, Amplification, and Titration of Recombinant Respiratory Syncytial Viruses
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Human rhinovirus 16 causes Golgi apparatus fragmentation without blocking protein secretion
Aurelie Mousnier1, Dawid Swieboda1, Anaïs Pinto1
1Airway Disease Infection Section, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College, London, United Kingdom.
Journal of Virology
|August 8, 2014
Summary
Human rhinovirus (HRV) nonstructural proteins fragment the Golgi apparatus and block secretion in cells. However, HRV16 infection fragments the Golgi apparatus without blocking protein secretion, impacting host defense understanding.
Area of Science:
- Virology
- Cell Biology
- Immunology
Background:
- Picornaviruses, including human rhinovirus (HRV), disrupt the host cell's secretory pathway, affecting Golgi apparatus structure and function.
- This disruption has implications for host defense mechanisms, potentially inhibiting cytokine and interferon secretion.
- Previous studies show conflicting results regarding whether individual viral proteins or live virus infection causes secretory pathway disruption.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the effects of human rhinovirus 16 (HRV16) nonstructural proteins and live virus infection on Golgi apparatus fragmentation and protein secretion in HeLa cells.
- To clarify discrepancies between studies using expressed viral proteins versus live virus infection in understanding HRV's impact on the secretory pathway.
Main Methods:
- Expressed individual HRV16 nonstructural proteins in HeLa cells to assess their cellular localization and effects on endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi apparatus architecture.
- Quantified the impact on the secretory pathway by measuring Gaussia luciferase reporter protein secretion.
- Examined Golgi apparatus structure and protein secretion following infection with live HRV16 virus.
Main Results:
- Expression of HRV16 3A, 3AB, and to a lesser extent 2B nonstructural proteins caused Golgi apparatus dispersal and inhibited protein secretion.
- Live HRV16 infection led to significant Golgi apparatus dispersal but did not inhibit protein secretion.
- Discrepancies observed between effects of expressed proteins and live virus infection highlight the complexity of HRV's impact on the secretory pathway.
Conclusions:
- Individual HRV16 nonstructural proteins can independently disrupt Golgi apparatus structure and block protein secretion.
- Live HRV16 infection causes Golgi fragmentation but maintains protein secretion, suggesting a more nuanced mechanism than previously assumed.
- Findings emphasize the importance of considering the viral context (individual proteins vs. replication) when interpreting mechanistic studies of HRV's effects on host cell function.
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