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Related Concept Videos

Circadian Rhythms and Gene Regulation02:19

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The biological clock is involved in many aspects of regulating complex physiology in all animals. It was in 1935 when German zoologists, Hans Kalmus and Erwin Bünning, discovered the existence of circadian rhythm in Drosophila melanogaster. However, the internal molecular mechanisms behind the circadian clock remained a mystery until 1984, when Jeffrey C. Hall, Michael Rosbash, and Michael W. Young discovered the expression of the Per gene oscillating over a 24-hour cycle. In subsequent...
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The circadian—or biological—clock is an intrinsic, timekeeping, molecular mechanism that allows plants to coordinate physiological activities over 24-hour cycles called circadian rhythms. Photoperiodism is a collective term for the biological responses of plants to variations in the relative lengths of dark and light periods. The period of light-exposure is called the photoperiod.
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Circadian rhythms are cyclic changes that are crucial in plasma drug concentrations. Various standard circadian parameters, including core body temperature, heart rate, and other cardiovascular factors, directly impact disease states and the therapeutic response to drug therapy.
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Regulation of Food Intake01:30

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Short-term regulation of food intake primarily involves neural signals from the gastrointestinal (GI) tract, blood nutrient levels, and GI tract hormones. Communication between the gut and brain via vagal nerve fibers plays a significant role in evaluating the contents of the gut. Clinical studies have shown that protein ingestion produces a more prolonged response in these nerve fibers compared to an equivalent amount of glucose. Additionally, the activation of stretch receptors caused by GI...
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Cellular needs and conditions vary from cell to cell and change within individual cells over time. For example, the required enzymes and energetic demands of stomach cells are different from those of fat storage cells, skin cells, blood cells, and nerve cells. Furthermore, a digestive cell works much harder to process and break down nutrients during the time that closely follows a meal compared with many hours after a meal. As these cellular demands and conditions vary, so do the amounts and...
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Nutrients, Clock Genes, and Chrononutrition.

Hideaki Oike1, Katsutaka Oishi2, Masuko Kobori3

  • 1Food Function Division, National Food Research Institute (NFRI), National Agriculture and Food Research Organization (NARO), 2-1-12 Kannondai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8642 Japan ; Biological Clock Research Group, Biomedical Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Central 6, 1-1-1 Higashi, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8566 Japan.

Current Nutrition Reports
|August 8, 2014
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Circadian clocks regulate body metabolism and energy homeostasis. Time-restricted feeding enhances these clocks, improving metabolic disorders, while irregular eating causes dysfunction.

Keywords:
BreakfastChrononutritionCircadian clocksCircadian rhythmClock genesHigh-fat dietMeal timingMetabolic disordersNutrition

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Area of Science:

  • Metabolic research
  • Chronobiology
  • Nutritional science

Background:

  • Circadian clocks, governed by clock genes, manage daily physiological events.
  • The central clock synchronizes with light/dark cycles, while peripheral clocks align with feeding/fasting cycles.
  • Nutrients and metabolic states influence circadian clock function and vice-versa, impacting energy homeostasis.

Approach:

  • Reviewing molecular links between circadian clocks and nutrition.
  • Analyzing recent chrononutrition findings.
  • Examining how nutrient intake timing affects metabolic health.

Key Points:

  • Disruption of circadian clocks leads to metabolic disorders like obesity and diabetes.
  • Time-restricted feeding during the active phase can ameliorate high-fat diet-induced metabolic issues.
  • Nutrient timing, or chrononutrition, is crucial for metabolic regulation.

Conclusions:

  • The circadian system is integral to energy homeostasis.
  • Chrononutrition strategies show promise for managing metabolic disorders.
  • Further research into the interplay between circadian rhythms and nutrition is warranted.