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Circulating endothelial progenitor cells in periodontitis.

Daniel Jönsson1, Thomas Spinell, Anastasios Vrettos

  • 1Division of Periodontics, Section of Oral and Diagnostic Sciences, College of Dental Medicine, Columbia University, New York, NY.

Journal of Periodontology
|August 8, 2014
PubMed
Summary

Periodontitis, an oral infection, is linked to increased levels of hemangioblastic endothelial progenitor cells (cEPCs), suggesting mobilization from bone marrow due to systemic inflammation and vascular injury.

Keywords:
Bloodendothelial cellsinfectionmonocytesperiodontal diseasesstem cells

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Research
  • Oral Health Science
  • Regenerative Medicine

Background:

  • Periodontitis is linked to atherosclerotic vascular disease (AVD) through various mechanisms, including effects on vascular endothelial function.
  • Endothelial progenitor cells (cEPCs) are crucial for vascular repair, but their association with periodontitis is not well-established.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate hemangioblastic and monocytic cEPC levels in periodontitis patients versus healthy controls.
  • To correlate cEPC levels with periodontitis severity and extent.

Main Methods:

  • Cross-sectional study of 112 individuals (56 periodontitis, 56 controls).
  • Periodontal examination and blood samples collected.
  • Hemangioblastic cEPCs quantified by flow cytometry; monocytic cEPCs by immunohistochemistry.

Main Results:

  • Hemangioblastic cEPCs were 2.3-fold higher in periodontitis patients (P=0.001).
  • Higher hemangioblastic cEPCs correlated positively with bleeding on probing, probing depth, and attachment loss.
  • No significant correlation between hemangioblastic and monocytic cEPC levels was found.

Conclusions:

  • Periodontitis is associated with increased hemangioblastic cEPC levels, indicating mobilization from bone marrow.
  • Findings support the link between oral infections and extraoral effects, likely due to systemic inflammation and endothelial injury.