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Related Concept Videos

Decision Making01:20

Decision Making

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Decision-making is a fundamental cognitive process that involves evaluating alternatives and selecting among them. This process can range from simple choices, such as deciding what to wear, to complex decisions, like choosing a major in college or a career path. The complexity of the decision often dictates the approach we use, which can be broadly categorized into two types: automatic and controlled decision-making.
Automatic decision-making is fast, intuitive, and relies on gut feelings...
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Classification of Illness01:17

Classification of Illness

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The meaning of illness is individualized to each person who experiences an alteration in health. In contrast, disease is a medical term indicating a pathological change in the structure and function of the body or mind. It is a condition that has specific symptoms and boundaries.
An illness is a response to a disease in which the person's level of functioning is changed compared with a previous level. The general classification of illness includes acute and chronic.
Acute illness is severe...
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Ethical Dilemmas II01:30

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Resolving an ethical dilemma in healthcare involves a systematic approach that considers every aspect of the issue, respecting both the patient's needs and values and the healthcare professional's ethical obligations. Here are potential steps to resolve an ethical dilemma:
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Decision Making: Traditional Method01:14

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The process of hypothesis testing based on the traditional method includes calculating the critical value, testing the value of the test statistic using the sample data, and interpreting these values.
First, a specific claim about the population parameter is decided based on the research question and is stated in a simple form. Further, an opposing statement to this claim is also stated. These statements can act as null and alternative hypotheses, out of which a null hypothesis would be a...
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Decision Making: P-value Method01:09

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The process of hypothesis testing based on the P-value method includes calculating the P- value using the sample data and interpreting it.
First, a specific claim about the population parameter is proposed. The claim is based on the research question and is stated in a simple form. Further, an opposing statement to the claim  is also stated. These statements can act as null and alternative hypotheses:  a null hypothesis would be a neutral statement while the alternative hypothesis can...
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The Availability Heuristic01:08

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A heuristic is a general problem-solving framework (Tversky & Kahneman, 1974). You can think of these as mental shortcuts that are used to solve problems. Different types of heuristics are used in different types of situations, and the impulse to use a heuristic occurs when one of five conditions is met (Pratkanis, 1989):
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A Machine Learning Approach to Design an Efficient Selective Screening of Mild Cognitive Impairment
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The decision-making process of workers in using sick time.

Candace L Sandal, Elizabeth R Click, Donna A Dowling

    Workplace Health & Safety
    |August 8, 2014
    PubMed
    Summary

    Most workers use sick time due to illness, contrary to prior research. Educating employees on illness prevention and management can reduce employee absenteeism and benefit companies.

    Area of Science:

    • Occupational Health
    • Workplace Productivity
    • Employee Well-being

    Background:

    • Employee absenteeism incurs substantial costs for businesses, including sick pay, overtime, and lost productivity.
    • Existing research on absenteeism lacks focus on the decision-making process workers employ when using sick time.
    • Previous studies explored factors like work strain and job satisfaction but not the rationale behind sick leave decisions.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the decision-making factors influencing workers' use of sick time.
    • To understand the primary reasons employees take sick leave.

    Main Methods:

    • A descriptive pilot study was conducted.
    • A convenience sample of 94 working college students completed a survey.

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    Main Results:

    • A significant majority of workers (73.4%) reported using sick time because they were genuinely too ill to work.
    • Findings contradict previous research suggesting less genuine reasons for sick leave.
    • The study highlights a potential need for employee education on illness prevention and management.

    Conclusions:

    • Workers' decisions to use sick time are primarily driven by actual illness.
    • Companies should invest in employee health programs and illness prevention strategies to mitigate absenteeism costs.
    • Future research should compare absenteeism rates in workplaces with and without occupational health nurses.