Regional flaps: a move to simpler reconstructive options in the head and neck

Area of Science:

• Plastic Surgery
• Head and Neck Surgery
• Reconstructive Surgery

Background:

• Regional flaps are regaining prominence in head and neck reconstruction.
• Clinical evidence supporting these reconstructive techniques is expanding.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review the current clinical evidence for regional flap use in head and neck reconstruction.
• To highlight the resurgence and evolving role of these reconstructive methods.

Main Methods:

• Literature review of clinical evidence supporting regional flap techniques.
• Survey of current applications and outcomes in head and neck reconstruction.

Main Results:

• Supraclavicular and submental island flaps offer thin, pliable tissue for reconstruction.
• Submental island flaps are oncologically safe for select oral cavity malignancies.
• Facial artery myomucosal and palatal island flaps are suitable for moderate mucosal defects with low donor-site morbidity.
• Pectoralis major and latissimus dorsi flaps are valuable for specific patient groups and complex reconstructions.

Conclusions:

• Regional flaps are evolving and remain essential in head and neck reconstruction.
• Understanding these techniques is crucial for optimizing outcomes and minimizing complications.
• Effective use of regional flaps can improve results while reducing morbidity and cost.