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Related Concept Videos

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The ankle is formed by the talocrural joint (crural = leg). It consists of the articulations between the talus bone of the foot and the distal ends of the tibia and fibula of the leg. The superior aspect of the talus bone is square-shaped and has three areas of articulation. The top of the talus articulates with the inferior tibia. This is the portion of the ankle joint that carries the body weight between the leg and foot. The sides of the talus are firmly held in position by the articulations...
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Joints form during embryonic development in conjunction with the formation and growth of the associated bones. The embryonic tissue that gives rise to all bones, cartilage, and connective tissues of the body is called mesenchyme.
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The radius is longer of the two bones that make up the human antebrachium or forearm. At the proximal end, the radius articulates with the capitulum of the humerus and the radial notch of the ulna to form the elbow joint. At the distal end, the radius articulates with the ulna via the ulnar notch, forming the distal radioulnar joint. Distally, the radius also attaches to the carpal wrist bones (scaphoid and lunate) to form the radiocarpal joint.
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The ulna and radius are parallel bones of the antebrachium or the forearm. The ulna lies medially and consists of a bony tip called the olecranon process at its proximal end. This hook-like projection articulates with the olecranon fossa of the humerus and forms the "hinged" ulnohumeral part of the elbow joint. This joint facilitates forearm extension and flexion while preventing its hyperextension. Similarly, the coronoid process, another bony projection on the proximal/anterior side...
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The upper limb consists of the arm, forearm, wrist, and hand bones. The humerus is the single bone of the upper arm region. Proximally, it has a large, spherical, smooth head that articulates with the glenoid cavity of the scapula to form the glenohumeral or shoulder joint. The margin of the head is the anatomical neck, a residual epiphyseal plate. Laterally it extends to form bony projections called the greater tubercle and the lesser tubercle. Next to the tubercles is the surgical neck, a...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 26, 2026

An Anatomical Study of Nerves at Risk During Minimally Invasive Hallux Valgus Surgery
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Adolescent hallux valgus revisited.

Tyler J Marshall, Joseph R Shung, Joseph G Khoury

    Orthopedics
    |August 8, 2014
    PubMed
    Summary

    Adolescent hallux valgus surgery using first metatarsal double osteotomy can lead to joint stiffness and recurrence. This study revisits a technique to prevent these common complications in hallux valgus treatment.

    Area of Science:

    • Orthopedic surgery
    • Foot and ankle surgery
    • Pediatric orthopedics

    Background:

    • Adolescent hallux valgus is a common foot deformity.
    • First metatarsal double osteotomy is a standard surgical treatment.
    • High rates of first metatarsophalangeal joint stiffness and recurrence are noted complications.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To present a modified surgical technique for adolescent hallux valgus.
    • To aim for the prevention of post-operative first metatarsophalangeal joint stiffness.
    • To reduce the recurrence rate of hallux valgus deformity.

    Main Methods:

    • Review of a specific surgical technique for adolescent hallux valgus.
    • Focus on modifications to standard first metatarsal double osteotomy.

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  • Emphasis on intraoperative steps to preserve joint function and stability.

    • Main Results:

    • The revisited technique aims to mitigate known complications.
    • Expected outcomes include reduced joint stiffness.
    • Anticipated reduction in hallux valgus deformity recurrence.

    Conclusions:

    • The presented technique offers a potential solution to common complications.
    • This approach may improve outcomes for adolescent hallux valgus surgery.
    • Further studies are needed to validate long-term efficacy.