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Using response time modeling to distinguish memory and decision processes in recognition and source tasks.

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Response time modeling using the diffusion model clarifies memory processes. This method confirms unequal memory evidence variability in recognition and source memory tasks, strengthening prior findings.

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Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Neuroscience
  • Psychology

Background:

  • Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) functions are widely used to infer memory processes.
  • However, decision processes can mimic ROC patterns attributed to memory, necessitating independent data verification.
  • Previous research suggests memory strength varies between studied and non-studied items.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To test ROC-based claims about memory evidence variability using response time (RT) data.
  • To investigate the utility of the diffusion model in discriminating evidence variability distributions.
  • To explore how learning trials affect evidence variability in recognition and source memory.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized the diffusion model to analyze response time (RT) data.
  • Experiment 1 involved a numerosity discrimination task to validate the diffusion model's ability to detect evidence variability.
  • Experiments 2 and 3 applied the diffusion model to recognition and source memory tasks, respectively, examining the impact of learning trials.

Main Results:

  • The diffusion model accurately identified evidence variability in the numerosity task.
  • In recognition tasks, memory evidence variability was higher for targets than lures, unaffected by learning trials.
  • In source memory tasks, evidence variability was similar for both sources and increased with more learning attempts.

Conclusions:

  • Response time modeling with the diffusion model can resolve ambiguities in ROC data interpretation.
  • Findings support the existence of unequal memory evidence variability across item types in recognition and source memory.
  • RT modeling provides robust evidence for complex memory processes and their variability.