Functional esophageal disorders: pharmacological options

Area of Science:

• Gastroenterology
• Esophageal Physiology
• Functional Gastrointestinal Disorders

Background:

• Functional esophageal disorders cause esophageal symptoms despite negative standard test results.
• These disorders exclude structural issues, histopathological motility disorders, and GERD.
• Four categories exist: functional heartburn, functional chest pain, functional dysphagia, and globus, as defined by the ROME III consensus.

Purpose of the Study:

• To systematically review the four defined functional esophageal disorders.
• To propose evidence-based diagnostic algorithms for these conditions.
• To discuss current evidence-based therapies for each disorder.

Main Methods:

• Review of current literature and evidence for functional esophageal disorders.
• Development of diagnostic algorithms based on established criteria.
• Analysis of therapeutic options and their supporting evidence.

Main Results:

• Functional esophageal disorders are common and require systematic evaluation.
• Diagnostic criteria have improved study comparability.
• Evidence for current therapies is often limited, necessitating further research.

Conclusions:

• A structured approach to diagnosis and treatment is essential for functional esophageal disorders.
• Diagnostic algorithms can guide clinical practice.
• Further research is needed to strengthen the evidence base for therapies.