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Microfluidic device with tunable post arrays and integrated electrodes for studying cellular release.

Asmira Selimovic1, Jayda L Erkal, Dana M Spence

  • 1Department of Chemistry, Saint Louis University, 3501 Laclede Ave, St. Louis, MO 63103, USA. martinrs@slu.edu.

The Analyst
|August 9, 2014
PubMed
Summary

This study introduces a novel planar microchip device for imaging and detecting small molecules, like nitric oxide, while excluding cells. The device offers sensitive detection and real-time measurement, presenting an alternative to 3D membrane systems.

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Area of Science:

  • Microfluidics and Biosensing
  • Electrochemical Detection
  • Cellular Analysis

Background:

  • Traditional 3D devices with polycarbonate membranes have limitations in imaging and integration.
  • There is a need for microfluidic devices capable of both imaging and sensitive detection of small molecules in a cell-free environment.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and characterize a planar microchip device with a pillar array for imaging and small molecule detection.
  • To optimize the device for selective analyte crossover while excluding cells, specifically red blood cells (RBCs).
  • To demonstrate the device's capability in detecting catechol and nitric oxide (NO) using amperometric methods.

Main Methods:

  • Fabrication of a planar device with PDMS microchannels sealed over a gold pillar array.

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  • Characterization of analyte crossover and cell exclusion based on flow rate.
  • Amperometric detection of catechol and nitric oxide using modified electrodes.
  • Demonstration of NO detection from hypoxic RBCs.

    • Main Results:

    • The device successfully excluded red blood cells while allowing small molecule crossover.
    • Limits of detection (LOD) for catechol were 50 nM (10 μm pillars) and 105 nM (5 μm pillars).
    • Nitric oxide detection showed a linear correlation (r²=0.995) with an LOD of 230 nM using a glassy carbon/Pt-black/Nafion electrode.
    • Real-time detection of NO released from hypoxic RBCs was achieved.

    Conclusions:

    • The developed planar pillar array device is effective for imaging and detecting small molecules with high sensitivity.
    • It offers an attractive, versatile alternative to existing 3D membrane-based devices.
    • The device facilitates facile integration of electrochemical detection and real-time cellular analysis.