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Soluble adenylyl cyclase in the eye
Yong S Lee1, Lihua Y Marmorstein1, Alan D Marmorstein1
1Department of Ophthalmology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55902, USA.
Biochimica Et Biophysica Acta
|August 10, 2014
Summary
Soluble adenylyl cyclase (sAC) is a key enzyme regulated by bicarbonate. This review focuses on the emerging roles of sAC in ocular physiology and disease, highlighting its importance in eye health.
Area of Science:
- Biochemistry
- Cellular Biology
- Physiology
Background:
- Adenylyl cyclases (ACs) are enzymes that synthesize cyclic AMP (cAMP) from ATP.
- Nine of ten human ACs are transmembrane (tmACs) and linked to G-protein coupled receptors (GPCRs).
- Soluble adenylyl cyclase (sAC) is distinct, activated by bicarbonate, and not by forskolin or GPCRs.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the known roles of soluble adenylyl cyclase (sAC) in the eye.
- To highlight the significance of sAC as a bicarbonate sensor in ocular tissues.
- To consolidate current understanding of sAC's involvement in eye health and disease.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of studies on sAC in ocular tissues.
- Analysis of sAC's biochemical properties and signaling pathways.
- Synthesis of findings regarding sAC's physiological and pathological roles in the eye.
Main Results:
- sAC is found in various cellular compartments within the eye.
- sAC functions as a critical bicarbonate sensor in ocular tissues.
- sAC plays diverse roles, including regulation of intraocular pressure.
Conclusions:
- sAC is an important enzyme in ocular physiology.
- Further research into sAC's role in eye diseases is warranted.
- sAC represents a potential therapeutic target for eye conditions.
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