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The association between grandparenthood and mortality.

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Summary

Grandfathers face higher mortality, especially when becoming grandfathers young. Grandmothers aged 50+ experience lower mortality, while younger or married grandmothers show increased risk, suggesting complex links between grandparenting and longevity.

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Area of Science:

  • Gerontology
  • Sociology
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Limited research exists on the health and mortality impacts of grandparenting.
  • Previous studies often focused solely on grandparents assuming parental roles.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between being a grandparent and mortality risk.
  • To differentiate the effects of grandparenting from shared parenting responsibilities.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of Norwegian population register data for individuals aged 40-73 (1980-2008).
  • Utilized discrete-time hazard models to assess mortality risks.

Main Results:

  • Grandfathers exhibit a mortality disadvantage, particularly pronounced for early-onset grandfathers.
  • This disadvantage persists regardless of socioeconomic factors.
  • Grandmothers aged 50+ show reduced mortality; younger or married grandmothers have higher mortality.
  • Mortality risks for grandmothers are influenced by age at becoming a grandmother, marital status, and number of children.

Conclusions:

  • Grandparenting status is linked to differential mortality risks in men and women.
  • Selection effects and the nature of grandparent-grandchild relationships may explain these associations.