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    Area of Science:

    • Visual perception
    • Artistic representation
    • Cognitive science

    Background:

    • The accurate depiction of visual space has been a long-standing debate among artists, architects, scientists, and philosophers.
    • Linear perspective, grounded in optics and geometry, is often considered the standard for representing visual space.
    • Alternative curvilinear, subjective, and hyperbolic perspectives have been proposed to better capture visual experience.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To compare artistic depictions of real-world scenes with their linear perspective counterparts (photographs).
    • To identify consistent differences in how visual space is represented in art versus photography.
    • To investigate factors potentially explaining these representational discrepancies.

    Main Methods:

    • Comparison of three sets of artworks (author's paintings, Cézanne landscapes, experimental drawings) with photographs of the same scenes.
    • Analysis focused on the representation of central and peripheral visual fields.
    • Controlled experimental drawings by individuals with art training were included.

    Main Results:

    • Consistent differences were observed between artworks and photographs.
    • Artistic depictions showed an enlargement of the central visual field relative to photographs.
    • The peripheral visual field was compressed in artistic depictions compared to photographs.

    Conclusions:

    • Linear perspective may not fully capture the nuances of human visual experience.
    • Artistic conventions in representing visual space deviate systematically from photographic representations.
    • Further research is needed to understand the underlying perceptual and cognitive factors driving these differences.