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Related Concept Videos

Muscles of the Pelvic Floor and Perineum01:26

Muscles of the Pelvic Floor and Perineum

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The muscles of the pelvic floor and perineum are crucial for supporting the pelvic organs, controlling continence, and aiding in sexual function, childbirth, and core stability. They are typically divided into the superficial perineal layer and the deep pelvic floor layer.
Perineal Layer
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Peritoneal dialysis (PD) is a medical process that removes waste products and excess fluid from the body using the peritoneal membrane as a natural filter.Peritoneal Dialysis MethodsSeveral methods can be used for peritoneal dialysis, including Acute Intermittent Peritoneal Dialysis, Continuous Ambulatory Peritoneal Dialysis, and Automated Peritoneal Dialysis, also known as Continuous Cyclic Peritoneal Dialysis.Acute Intermittent Peritoneal Dialysis (AIPD) is used for patients with uremic...
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Urinary Bladder01:23

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The urinary bladder is a hollow, muscular sac that temporarily stores urine before it is expelled from the body. It can hold approximately 600 mL of urine prior to micturition. The bladder is retroperitoneal and located behind the pubic symphysis in the pelvic floor.
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Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by hyperglycemia. The four categories of diabetes are type 1 diabetes, type 2 diabetes, other specific types of diabetes, and gestational diabetes.
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Peritoneal dialysis, or PD, utilizes the peritoneal membrane as a filter to eliminate excess fluid and waste products. Effective nursing management is essential for ensuring patient safety, preventing complications, and promoting optimal function of the peritoneal dialysis process.Assessment and MonitoringNurses must thoroughly assess the patient before, during, and after each dialysis session. Regular monitoring includes vital signs, daily weight, fluid intake and output, and laboratory values...
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The genitourinary system maintains the body's fluid balance, waste excretion, and overall homeostasis. Proper assessment is essential for early detection of disorders, with percussion and auscultation integral to this evaluation. These methods help identify signs of kidney or bladder issues and provide important diagnostic clues.Percussion for Kidney TendernessPercussion is used to assess tenderness and detect kidney and bladder abnormalities. A common method for determining kidney tenderness...
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Mixed (reusable/single-use) catheter management versus single-use catheter management for intermittent catheter users (MultICath): A non-inferiority randomised controlled trial.

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Four Year Clinical and Cost Effectiveness of Vaginal Pessary Self-Management Versus Clinic-Based Care for Pelvic Organ Prolapse (TOPSY): Long Term Follow-Up of a Randomised Controlled Superiority Trial.

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 26, 2026

Anogenital Distance and Perineal Measurements of the Pelvic Organ Prolapse POP Quantification System
03:49

Anogenital Distance and Perineal Measurements of the Pelvic Organ Prolapse POP Quantification System

Published on: September 20, 2018

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Peri-partum and pelvic floor dysfunction.

Doreen McClurg

    The Practising Midwife
    |August 12, 2014
    PubMed
    Summary

    Pelvic floor muscle (PFM) exercises can reduce symptoms of PFM weakness, often caused by pregnancy and childbirth. Midwives should proactively teach these exercises and refer women needing specialized care.

    Area of Science:

    • Obstetrics and Gynecology
    • Pelvic Health
    • Rehabilitation Science

    Background:

    • Pelvic floor muscles (PFM) support pelvic organs and maintain continence.
    • Weakened PFM can result in urinary, fecal, or flatal incontinence.
    • Pregnancy and vaginal childbirth are significant risk factors for PFM dysfunction.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To highlight the importance of PFM exercises in managing PFM weakness.
    • To emphasize the role of midwives in PFM health education and referral.
    • To underscore the effectiveness of routine, correct PFM exercise in symptom reduction.

    Main Methods:

    • Review of existing literature on PFM anatomy, function, and dysfunction.
    • Analysis of the impact of pregnancy and childbirth on PFM integrity.

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  • Evaluation of the efficacy of PFM exercises in mitigating symptoms.

    • Main Results:

    • PFM weakness leads to inadequate support of pelvic organs.
    • Correct and routine PFM exercises demonstrably reduce the severity of PFM weakness symptoms.
    • Timely intervention and specialist referral are crucial for managing complex cases.

    Conclusions:

    • Midwives must proactively educate patients on PFM exercises.
    • Early identification and management of PFM weakness are essential for women's health.
    • Targeted PFM exercise programs can significantly improve outcomes and quality of life.