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Prolonged sleep deprivation and continuous exercise: effects on melatonin, tympanic temperature, and cognitive

Greggory R Davis1, Corey E Etheredge1, Lena Marcus1

  • 1School of Kinesiology, University of Louisiana at Lafayette, Lafayette, LA 70504, USA.

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During a 36-hour endurance event, tympanic temperature declined, correlating with increased attention lapses. Melatonin levels did not impact cognitive function in this sustained competition.

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Area of Science:

  • Sports Science
  • Human Physiology
  • Cognitive Neuroscience

Background:

  • Sustained endurance events are increasingly popular.
  • Understanding the physiological and cognitive impacts of prolonged exertion is crucial.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate tympanic temperature, melatonin levels, and cognitive function during a 36-hour endurance event.
  • To determine the relationship between these physiological markers and cognitive performance.

Main Methods:

  • 12 participants (9 male, 3 female) underwent a 36-hour continuous endurance event without sleep.
  • Data collection included tympanic temperature measurements, psychomotor vigilance tests (PVT), and salivary melatonin assays at checkpoints.
  • Salivary melatonin was quantified using immunoassay.

Main Results:

  • Melatonin levels showed a negative correlation with the race day and a positive association with nighttime.
  • Tympanic temperature, day of competition, and their interaction significantly predicted attention lapses.
  • A decline in tympanic temperature was associated with an increase in attention lapses.
  • No significant associations were found between melatonin levels and cognitive function.

Conclusions:

  • Tympanic temperature changes, not melatonin, appear to influence cognitive function during prolonged endurance events.
  • The study highlights the physiological strain of sustained exertion.
  • Further research is recommended to explore the physiological effects of such events.