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Related Concept Videos

Rheumatic Heart Disease I: Introduction01:23

Rheumatic Heart Disease I: Introduction

1.0K
Rheumatic heart disease or RHD is a chronic condition that results from rheumatic fever, causing permanent damage to the heart valves.Etiology and Risk FactorsIt primarily arises from rheumatic fever, an inflammatory disease that can develop after untreated or inadequately treated group A streptococcal (GAS) pharyngitis. Streptococcus spreads through direct contact with oral or respiratory secretions. While the bacteria are the causative agents, factors like malnutrition, overcrowding, poor...
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Peripheral Artery Disease I: Introduction01:30

Peripheral Artery Disease I: Introduction

655
Peripheral artery disease (PAD) predominantly results from atherosclerosis, which involves the accumulation of fatty deposits, or plaques, within the walls of arteries. This causes them to narrow and harden, significantly reducing blood flow. PAD predominantly affects the legs, particularly the arteries supplying the thighs and calves. In rare cases, it may involve other arteries, including those in the arms.Etiology of PAD:The principal cause of PAD is atherosclerosis, which results from fatty...
655
Rheumatic Heart Disease II: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Studies01:22

Rheumatic Heart Disease II: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Studies

1.3K
The key clinical manifestations of Rheumatic heart disease (RHD) include several distinct cardiac symptoms.Carditis, a hallmark of acute rheumatic fever, involves inflammation of the heart's endocardium, myocardium, and pericardium. Chronic RHD often results from recurrent episodes of carditis. Its symptoms include the following:Murmurs are caused by valvular damage, especially to the mitral and aortic valves. Mitral stenosis or regurgitation is common, with characteristic heart murmurs...
1.3K
Peripheral Arterial Disease II: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Evaluation01:21

Peripheral Arterial Disease II: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Evaluation

756
Clinical manifestationsPeripheral Arterial Disease (PAD) manifests through a range of symptoms, from the characteristic intermittent claudication to atypical presentations and severe complications in advanced stages. Intermittent claudication, a hallmark symptom of PAD, presents as exercise-induced muscle pain that typically resolves within minutes of rest. This pain is reproducible and stems from inadequate blood flow, leading to the accumulation of lactic acid produced during anaerobic...
756
Pericarditis I: Introduction01:22

Pericarditis I: Introduction

751
Pericarditis is defined as the inflammation of the pericardium, the thin, sac-like membrane surrounding the heart. This condition can cause significant chest pain and other symptoms, often necessitating medical intervention. The pericardium has two layers: the inner visceral layer and the outer parietal layer, separated by a small amount of fluid that reduces friction during heartbeats.Types of PericarditisPericarditis can be classified into several types based on the duration and nature of the...
751
Pericarditis II: Clinical Features and Diagnostic Tests01:19

Pericarditis II: Clinical Features and Diagnostic Tests

626
Pericarditis is distinguished by inflammation of the pericardium, the fibrous sac that encases the heart. It can be acute, lasting less than six weeks, or chronic, persisting for over three months. Understanding its clinical manifestations and diagnostic findings is crucial for timely and effective management.Clinical ManifestationsWhile pericarditis can be asymptomatic, it usually presents with characteristic symptoms such as:Chest Pain: The most characteristic symptom of pericarditis is chest...
626

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 26, 2026

Author Spotlight: Isolation and Culture of Primary Synovial Macrophages and Fibroblasts from Murine Arthritis Tissue
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[Peripheral arthritis in polymyalgia rheumatica].

Zipora Manovitch, Meir Mouallem

    Harefuah
    |August 13, 2014
    PubMed
    Summary

    Polymyalgia rheumatica often presents with neck, shoulder, and pelvic pain. This study highlights peripheral joint involvement as an underrecognized manifestation, emphasizing its importance for diagnosis.

    Area of Science:

    • Rheumatology
    • Immunology
    • Internal Medicine

    Background:

    • Polymyalgia rheumatica (PMR) classically involves proximal muscle stiffness and pain.
    • Peripheral joint involvement is often overlooked in the diagnosis of PMR.
    • Understanding PMR's diverse presentations is crucial for timely and accurate diagnosis.

    Observation:

    • This article details two cases of polymyalgia rheumatica presenting with peripheral symptoms.
    • The patients' initial manifestations were primarily in peripheral joints, not typical proximal muscles.
    • These cases underscore the variability in PMR's clinical presentation.

    Findings:

    • Peripheral joint symptoms can be a primary feature of polymyalgia rheumatica.
    • The frequency and specific manifestations of peripheral involvement in PMR are discussed.

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  • Pathogenesis of PMR may contribute to diverse symptom localization, including peripheral joints.

    • Implications:

    • Increased recognition of peripheral joint involvement can lead to earlier PMR diagnosis.
    • Prompt diagnosis of polymyalgia rheumatica can prevent disease progression and improve patient outcomes.
    • Further research into PMR pathogenesis may elucidate the mechanisms behind peripheral manifestations.