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Related Experiment Video

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Modeling Encephalopathy of Prematurity Using Prenatal Hypoxia-ischemia with Intra-amniotic Lipopolysaccharide in Rats

Modeling Encephalopathy of Prematurity Using Prenatal Hypoxia-ischemia with Intra-amniotic Lipopolysaccharide in Rats

Published on: November 20, 2015

Mild prematurity, proximal social processes, and development.

Hilary K Brown¹, Kathy Nixon Speechley², Jennifer Macnab³

¹Departments of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karen.Campbell@schulich.uwo.ca.

|August 13, 2014

Summary

Gestational age is not the primary driver of developmental outcomes in children born late preterm or early term. Social factors, such as parenting, play a more significant role in child development closer to full term.

Keywords:

child development parenting preterm birth

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Area of Science:

Pediatric developmental outcomes
Perinatal research
Social determinants of health

Background:

Late preterm (34-36 weeks) and early term (37-38 weeks) births are increasing globally.
Previous research suggests potential risks associated with these birth categories compared to full term (39-41 weeks).
The influence of gestational age versus social factors on developmental trajectories requires further elucidation.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the association between gestational age (late preterm, early term, full term) and developmental outcomes in children.
To examine the role of proximal social processes, specifically parenting, in moderating this association.
To determine the relative contributions of gestational age and social factors to developmental outcomes.

Main Methods:

Analysis of the Canadian National Longitudinal Survey of Children and Youth data.
Inclusion of singletons born between 34 and 41 weeks gestational age.
Utilized multivariable modified Poisson regression to estimate adjusted relative risks (aRRs) for developmental outcomes at 2-3 and 4-5 years.
Employed moderation analyses to assess the impact of parenting.

Main Results:

Unadjusted analyses indicated a higher risk of developmental delay for late preterm births.
Adjusted analyses showed no significant differences in developmental outcomes between late preterm, early term, and full-term infants at 2-3 or 4-5 years.
Parenting significantly predicted developmental outcomes but did not moderate the effect of gestational age.

Conclusions:

Gestational age within the late preterm and early term ranges does not appear to be a significant independent predictor of developmental outcomes when adjusted for social factors.
Social factors, particularly parenting, are crucial influences on child development, especially for those born closer to full term.
Future interventions should focus on social support and parenting to optimize developmental trajectories.