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Hairy cell leukemia: clinicopathological and immunophenotypic study.

Kaumudi Konkay1, Megha S Uppin1, Shantveer G Uppin1

  • 1Department of Pathology, Nizam's Institutes of Medical Sciences (NIMS), Punjagutta, Hyderabad, 5000082 India.

Indian Journal of Hematology & Blood Transfusion : an Official Journal of Indian Society of Hematology and Blood Transfusion
|August 13, 2014
PubMed
Summary

Hairy cell leukemia (HCL) is a rare B-cell cancer. This study analyzed 12 Indian cases, finding characteristic features and good response to Cladribine treatment, enabling prolonged remission.

Keywords:
CytopeniaHairy cellsImmunophenotypingSplenomegaly

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Area of Science:

  • Hematology
  • Oncology
  • Pathology

Background:

  • Hairy cell leukemia (HCL) is a rare B-cell neoplasm.
  • Limited case series from India necessitate further study.
  • Advances in immunophenotyping and treatment improve remission rates.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the clinico-pathologic and immunophenotypic characteristics of HCL cases.
  • To analyze treatment responses and remission rates in HCL patients.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective review of 12 HCL cases from 1991-2012.
  • Analysis of peripheral blood, bone marrow cytology, and trephine biopsies.
  • Immunophenotyping and TRAP staining for diagnosis and classification.

Main Results:

  • 12 cases of HCL (10 classical, 2 variant) identified with a M:F ratio of 11:1.
  • Common symptoms included fever, fatigue, and splenomegaly (81.8%).
  • TRAP positivity observed in 81.8%; immunophenotyping confirmed HCL and HCL-v.

Conclusions:

  • Characteristic morphology, clinical features, TRAP positivity, and immunophenotyping are crucial for HCL diagnosis.
  • Cladribine treatment demonstrates good response and prolonged remission rates.
  • This study contributes valuable data on HCL from India.