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Magnetic Resonance Imaging01:24

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Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a noninvasive medical imaging technique based on a phenomenon of nuclear physics discovered in the 1930s, in which matter exposed to magnetic fields and radio waves was found to emit radio signals. In 1970, a physician and researcher named Raymond Damadian noticed that malignant (cancerous) tissue gave off different signals than normal body tissue. He applied for a patent for the first MRI scanning device in clinical use by the early 1980s. The early MRI...
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Measuring restriction sizes using diffusion weighted magnetic resonance imaging: a review.

Melanie Martin1

  • 1Department of Physics, University of Winnipeg and Department of Radiology, University of Manitoba.

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|August 13, 2014
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Summary

This study introduces oscillating gradient spin echo (OGSE) for magnetic resonance imaging. OGSE enables shorter diffusion times, allowing for the measurement of smaller restriction sizes in biological systems.

Keywords:
axon diametercentral nervous systemdiffusiondiffusion-timemagnetic resonance imagingnuclear magnetic resonanceoscillating gradientsporous materialsrestricted diffusion

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Area of Science:

  • Magnetic Resonance Imaging
  • Biophysical Techniques

Background:

  • Diffusion weighted magnetic resonance imaging (DW-MRI) infers sample restriction sizes.
  • Measurements depend on the apparent diffusion coefficient's change with diffusion time, distinguishing restricted from free diffusion regimes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review a novel magnetic resonance concept for cellular and biological systems.
  • To explore the potential of oscillating gradient spin echo (OGSE) for probing smaller restriction sizes.

Main Methods:

  • Review of diffusion weighted magnetic resonance imaging techniques.
  • Comparison of pulsed gradient spin echo (PGSE) and oscillating gradient spin echo (OGSE) measurement capabilities.

Main Results:

  • Pulsed gradient spin echo (PGSE) measurements have limitations in shortening diffusion times, restricting the size of measurable restrictions.
  • Oscillating gradient spin echo (OGSE) offers the capability to achieve shorter diffusion times.

Conclusions:

  • Oscillating gradient spin echo (OGSE) can probe smaller restriction sizes than traditional PGSE methods.
  • This technique advances magnetic resonance applications in cellular and biological research.