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Related Concept Videos

Local Anesthetics: Clinical Application as Epidural Anesthesia01:29

Local Anesthetics: Clinical Application as Epidural Anesthesia

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Epidural anesthetics are administered in the fat-filled epidural space, the outermost part of the spinal canal. This technique is commonly employed for pain management and anesthesia during lower abdomen and pelvis surgeries or labor and delivery.
Since epidural anesthetics can be infused through an epidural catheter, all types of drugs, including short-acting ones, can be administered. Chloroprocaine and lidocaine are examples of short and long-duration anesthetics, respectively. Bupivacaine...
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Stages of General Anesthesia01:22

Stages of General Anesthesia

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Various sedation levels offer significant advantages in facilitating procedural interventions for patients undergoing medical or invasive surgical procedures. These levels span from anxiolysis to general anesthesia, providing a spectrum of sedative effects to cater to specific patient needs. Anxiolysis reduces anxiety and is achieved through minimal sedation, enabling patients to remain awake and responsive while feeling more at ease during the procedure. This level can benefit minor...
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Parenteral Anesthetics: Overview01:24

Parenteral Anesthetics: Overview

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Intravenous anesthetics are drugs administered parenterally to induce anesthesia or sedation. Propofol is a widely used agent formulated as a 1% emulsion in soybean oil, glycerol, and egg phosphatide. It induces rapid anesthesia primarily due to its rapid distribution from the bloodstream to target tissues and is metabolized in the liver. However, it can cause significant pain on injection and hypertriglyceridemia. Fospropofol, a water-based prodrug of propofol, lacks these adverse effects.
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Sedatives and Hypnotics: Overview01:23

Sedatives and Hypnotics: Overview

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Sedatives are drugs that alleviate anxiety, while hypnotics induce sleep. Both classes of medication suppress neuronal activity, leading to a calming effect for sedatives and facilitating sleep for hypnotics.
Sedative-hypnotics are categorized into barbiturates, benzodiazepines (BZDs), and non-benzodiazepines or Z-drugs. These drugs work by suppressing central nervous system activity, and this suppression is dose-dependent. Older sedative medications, like barbiturates, follow a linear curve in...
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Inhalational Anesthetics: Overview01:20

Inhalational Anesthetics: Overview

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Inhalation anesthetics are drugs that induce general anesthesia upon inhalation. They work by increasing the sensitivity of GABAA receptors or inhibiting NMDA receptors, leading to a decrease in central nervous system activity. The depth of anesthesia can be rapidly adjusted by changing the concentration of the inhaled gas. Some common examples of inhalational anesthetics include volatile liquids like isoflurane, desflurane, sevoflurane and gases like xenon and nitrous oxide. Isoflurane, a...
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Sedatives and Hypnotics Drugs: Barbiturates01:20

Sedatives and Hypnotics Drugs: Barbiturates

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Sedatives and hypnotics encompass a drug class that acts on the central nervous system (CNS) to alleviate anxiety, promote relaxation and induce sleep.These drugs function by amplifying the actions of the neurotransmitter γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA), resulting in reduced neuronal activity. Barbiturates, a subset of sedatives and hypnotics first synthesized in the late 1800s, are categorized into ultra-short, short, intermediate, and long-acting groups based on their duration of effect. A...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 25, 2026

Method for Simultaneous fMRI/EEG Data Collection during a Focused Attention Suggestion for Differential Thermal Sensation
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Hypnosis for induction of labour.

Daisuke Nishi1, Miyako N Shirakawa, Erika Ota

  • 1Department of Mental Health Policy and Evaluation, National Institute of Mental Health, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, 4-1-1, Ogawahigashicho, Kodaira, Tokyo, Japan, 187-8553.

The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews
|August 15, 2014
PubMed
Summary

Hypnosis for labor induction lacks evidence from randomized controlled trials (RCTs). Further research is needed to determine its effectiveness and safety as a complementary therapy for childbirth.

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Drug-Induced Sleep Endoscopy DISE with Target Controlled Infusion TCI and Bispectral Analysis in Obstructive Sleep Apnea
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Area of Science:

  • Obstetrics and Gynecology
  • Complementary and Alternative Medicine

Background:

  • Pharmacological and mechanical labor induction methods can increase complications.
  • Hypnosis is a complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) method with potential for safe labor induction.
  • The effectiveness of hypnosis for labor induction requires thorough evaluation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess the effect of hypnosis for labor induction compared to no intervention or other interventions.

Main Methods:

  • Searched Cochrane Pregnancy and Childbirth Group's Trials Register, conference proceedings, and contacted experts for published and unpublished studies.
  • Included all published and unpublished randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and cluster-RCTs of acceptable quality.
  • Assessed one identified trial report, which was subsequently excluded.

Main Results:

  • No RCTs or cluster-RCTs were identified that met the inclusion criteria.

Conclusions:

  • Currently, there is no evidence from RCTs to support or refute the use of hypnosis for labor induction.
  • Further high-quality RCTs are necessary to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of hypnosis for labor induction.
  • Consideration of hypnosis for labor induction should be on a case-by-case basis, ensuring it does not delay standard care.