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Related Concept Videos

Assembly of Complex Microtubule Structures01:32

Assembly of Complex Microtubule Structures

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Complex microtubule structures are present in resting cells and in dividing cells. In resting cells, they are responsible for maintaining the cellular architecture, tracks for intracellular transport, positioning of organelles, assembly of cilia and flagella. They mediate the bipolar spindle assembly for chromosomal segregation and positioning of the cell division plate in dividing cells. The formation of microtubule complex structures depends on the cell type, cell stage, and cell function.
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Spindle Assembly02:50

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Spindle assembly occurs through three, often coexisting, pathways – the centrosome-mediated pathway, the chromatin-mediated pathway, and the microtubule-mediated pathway – collectively contributing to form a robust spindle apparatus.
In most cells, centrosomes are the primary microtubule nucleation centers. In the centrosome-mediated pathway, the G2-prophase transition triggers centrosome maturation and increased microtubule nucleation. Progressive nucleation results in a...
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Centrioles and Centrosomes01:13

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Most animal cells comprise a pair of centrioles together called a centrosome. The cell duplicates its centrosome and contains two centrosomes side-by-side, which begin to move apart during the prophase. As the centrosomes migrate to two different sides of the cell, microtubules start extending from each centrosome toward the other end. The mitotic spindle is composed of the centrosomes and their emerging microtubules.
Near the end of the prophase, also called late prophase or...
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Microtubule Formation01:23

Microtubule Formation

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Microtubules are dynamic structures that undergo continuous assembly and disassembly. They originate from specialized multi-protein complexes known as microtubule organizing centers or MTOCs. Within the MTOC, the point of origin of the microtubule is known as the minus end, while the end radiating outward is the plus end. Microtubules serve two primary functions — the organization of spindle complexes to separate sister chromatids during mitotic or meiotic cell division and the formation...
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Microtubules in Cell Motility01:24

Microtubules in Cell Motility

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Microtubules are thick hollow cylindrical proteins that help form the cytoskeleton. Microtubules have varied roles in the cell. These filaments help form cellular appendages like cilia and flagella, which are responsible for locomotion. The cilia arise from basal bodies, separated from the main body by a membrane-like structure forming the transition zone. This zone is the gate for the entry of lipids and proteins, creating a unique composition of lipids and proteins in the ciliary membrane and...
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Microtubule Associated Motor Proteins01:32

Microtubule Associated Motor Proteins

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Eukaryotic cells have different motor proteins for transporting various cargo within the cell. These motor proteins differ based on the filament they associate with, the direction they move within the cell, and the type of cargo they transport. Motor proteins that associate with microtubules are known as microtubule-associated motor proteins. There are two families of microtubule-associated motor proteins —Kinesins and Dyneins. Both these proteins assist in the transport of cellular...
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Updated: Jan 18, 2026

Assembly of Complex Microtubule Structures
01:32

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Clinical practice: Obsessive-compulsive disorder.

Jon E Grant

    The New England Journal of Medicine
    |August 15, 2014
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    This case study discusses a 19-year-old man with severe germophobia, leading to obsessive handwashing and social isolation. It explores the evaluation and treatment of his debilitating condition.

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    Related Experiment Videos

    Last Updated: Jan 18, 2026

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    Area of Science:

    • Psychiatry
    • Clinical Psychology

    Background:

    • A 19-year-old male presents with a 2-year history of progressively disabling symptoms.
    • Symptoms include excessive handwashing, fear of contamination, social isolation, and suicidal ideation.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To outline the diagnostic evaluation process for obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) presenting with severe contamination fears.
    • To discuss evidence-based treatment strategies for such cases.

    Main Methods:

    • Case vignette describing patient presentation and history.
    • Discussion of differential diagnoses and diagnostic criteria for OCD.
    • Review of pharmacotherapy and psychotherapy options.

    Main Results:

    • The patient's symptoms are consistent with severe Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD).
    • Differential diagnosis includes other anxiety disorders and psychotic disorders.

    Conclusions:

    • Prompt and accurate diagnosis is crucial for effective management of severe OCD.
    • Integrated treatment, including Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) and pharmacotherapy, is recommended.
    • Addressing suicidal ideation is a primary concern in treatment planning.