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Posttranslational protein modifications by reactive nitrogen and chlorine species and strategies for their prevention

I Sadowska-Bartosz1, C Ott, T Grune

  • 1Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, University of Rzeszów , Rzeszów , Poland.

Free Radical Research
|August 15, 2014
PubMed

Insights

Preventing harmful protein modifications by reactive nitrogen and halogen species may offer new therapies for diseases and slow aging. Strategies include denitrase activity and myeloperoxidase inhibitors.

Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Molecular Biology
  • Pathology

Background:

  • Posttranslational modifications (PTMs) significantly impact protein function and cellular metabolism.
  • Certain PTMs, particularly those induced by reactive species, can be detrimental to metabolic efficiency.
  • These detrimental modifications are implicated in disease pathogenesis and the aging process.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review protein modifications induced by reactive nitrogen species (RNS) and reactive halogen species (RHS).
  • To discuss potential preventative strategies against these damaging modifications and their consequences.
  • To highlight the role of denitrase activity and myeloperoxidase (MPO) inhibition in this context.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies on RNS and RHS protein modifications.
  • Analysis of biochemical pathways involved in these modifications.
  • Evaluation of therapeutic approaches targeting RNS/RHS-induced damage.

Main Results:

  • RNS and RHS can lead to significant protein damage, affecting metabolic pathways.
  • Several mechanisms for preventing or mitigating these modifications exist.
  • Denitrase activity and MPO inhibitors show promise in preventing detrimental protein modifications.

Conclusions:

  • Targeting RNS and RHS-mediated protein modifications presents a viable therapeutic strategy.
  • Interventions aimed at denitrase activity and MPO inhibition could be beneficial for treating diseases associated with oxidative stress and aging.
  • Further research into these preventative measures is warranted for clinical applications.
Keywords:
antioxidantschlorinationmyeloperoxidasenitrationnitrosative stressnitrosylationperoxynitritepost-translationalprotein modifications

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