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Estrogens and stem cells in thyroid cancer.

Mariangela Zane1, Veronica Catalano2, Emanuela Scavo2

  • 1Department of Surgical and Oncological Sciences, University of Palermo , Palermo , Italy ; Department of Surgical, Oncological and Gastroenterological Sciences, University of Padua , Padua , Italy.

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PubMed
Summary

Estrogens influence cancer development by interacting with stem cells (SC). This review explores their role in thyroid cancer, aiming to clarify hormone-driven gender disparities in the disease.

Keywords:
cancer stem cellsestrogensgrowth factorsstem cellsthyroid cancerthyroid hormones

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Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology
  • Oncology
  • Stem Cell Biology

Background:

  • Estrogens are increasingly recognized for their role in cancer initiation and progression.
  • Thyroid diseases exhibit gender disparities in incidence and aggressiveness, suggesting hormonal influences.
  • The specific contribution of estrogens to the thyroid stem cell compartment remains poorly understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the interplay between hormones and thyroid function.
  • To elucidate the role of estrogens in thyroid cancer stem cells.
  • To understand the basis for gender discrepancy in thyroid malignancies.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of experimental and clinical studies.
  • Analysis of hormonal signaling pathways in thyroid cells.
  • Examination of estrogen receptor status in thyroid tumors.

Main Results:

  • Estrogens appear to promote thyroid cell proliferation and invasion.
  • Evidence suggests a link between estrogen signaling and thyroid cancer stem cells.
  • Hormonal interactions may explain gender-specific differences in thyroid cancer.

Conclusions:

  • Understanding estrogen's effects on thyroid stem cells is crucial for deciphering gender disparities in thyroid cancer.
  • Investigating estrogen receptor status and signaling pathways offers insights into thyroid tumor pathogenesis.