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Memory effect in uniformly heated granular gases.

E Trizac1, A Prados2

  • 1Université Paris-Sud, Laboratoire de Physique Théorique et Modèles Statistiques, UMR CNRS 8626, F-91405 Orsay, France.

Physical Review. E, Statistical, Nonlinear, and Soft Matter Physics
|August 15, 2014
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Summary

Researchers observed a Kovacs-like memory effect in driven granular gases. The granular temperature shows nonmonotonic behavior, revealing anomalous responses when dissipation exceeds a threshold.

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Area of Science:

  • Physics
  • Nonlinear Dynamics
  • Statistical Mechanics

Background:

  • Granular gases, systems of macroscopic particles interacting via inelastic collisions, can exhibit complex nonequilibrium behaviors.
  • Memory effects, where a system's future state depends on its past driving history, are known in various physical systems.
  • Understanding nonequilibrium steady states in driven systems is crucial for statistical mechanics.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the presence of a Kovacs-like memory effect in a uniformly driven granular gas.
  • To analyze the behavior of granular temperature under specific driving protocols.
  • To theoretically explain the observed memory effect using the Boltzmann-Fokker-Planck equation.

Main Methods:

  • Simulating a granular gas of inelastic hard particles in the low-density limit.
  • Implementing a specific protocol for the time dependence of the driving force.
  • Analyzing the system's response using the Boltzmann-Fokker-Planck equation and direct Monte Carlo simulations.

Main Results:

  • A Kovacs-like memory effect was evidenced in the driven granular gas.
  • The granular temperature exhibited a nonmonotonic evolution, with a maximum or minimum, depending on dissipation and protocol.
  • Anomalous responses were observed when the dissipation exceeded a critical threshold.

Conclusions:

  • The study confirms a memory effect in driven granular gases, analogous to Kovacs' findings in liquids.
  • The granular temperature's nonmonotonic evolution highlights complex dynamics in nonequilibrium systems.
  • Theoretical analysis and simulations show excellent agreement, validating the Boltzmann-Fokker-Planck approach for such systems.