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Sinus floor elevation utilizing the transalveolar approach.

Bjarni E Pjetursson, Niklaus P Lang

Periodontology 2000

|August 16, 2014

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

The transalveolar sinus floor elevation technique, also known as osteotome sinus floor elevation, offers a less invasive option for dental implant placement when bone height is insufficient. Studies show a 3-year implant survival rate of 92.8% with this method.

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Area of Science:

Dentistry
Oral Surgery
Implantology

Background:

The transalveolar approach for sinus floor elevation was introduced by Tatum in 1986 and refined by Summers in 1994.
This technique, also called osteotome sinus floor elevation or Crestal approach, is a conservative alternative to the lateral window approach for augmenting the sinus floor.

Purpose of the Study:

To evaluate the efficacy and outcomes of the transalveolar sinus floor elevation technique for dental implant placement.
To compare the transalveolar approach with the conventional lateral window approach in terms of invasiveness and patient satisfaction.

Main Methods:

Review of the literature on transalveolar sinus floor elevation, focusing on the Summers technique.
Analysis of patient willingness to repeat the procedure, indications, contraindications, and post-operative care.
Examination of reported complications, including membrane perforation and infection rates.
Evaluation of the necessity and impact of grafting materials.
Systematic review of implant survival rates and failure rates over 3 years.

Main Results:

The transalveolar approach is preferred by over 90% of patients due to its conservative nature.
Primary indication is reduced residual bone height; contraindications include local, intra-oral, or medical factors.
Complications include Schneiderian membrane perforation (3.8%) and postoperative infections (0.8%).
Grafting material use shows varied results, with one study reporting significantly more bone gain (4.1 mm vs. 1.7 mm).
A systematic review of 4388 implants showed a 3-year survival rate of 92.8% and an annual failure rate of 3.7%.

Conclusions:

Transalveolar sinus floor elevation is a predictable and viable option for patients needing dental implants with insufficient bone height.
The technique is most predictable with residual alveolar bone height ≥ 5 mm and a relatively flat sinus floor.
While generally safe, potential complications and the role of grafting materials require consideration.