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Bio-inspired Aloe vera sponges for biomedical applications.

S S Silva1, M B Oliveira1, J F Mano1

  • 13B's Research Group - Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, AvePark, 4806-909 Taipas, Guimarães, Portugal; ICVS/3B's - PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal.

Carbohydrate Polymers
|August 18, 2014
PubMed
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Aloe vera (AV) sponges, stabilized with gellan gum (GG), exhibit porous structures and sustained protein release. These biocompatible AV sponges show promise for biomedical applications.

Area of Science:

  • Biomaterials Science
  • Plant-based materials
  • Biomedical Engineering

Background:

  • Aloe vera (AV) possesses valuable chemical and biological properties for various applications.
  • AV gel is rich in compounds, nutrients, and polysaccharides, making it a promising natural resource.
  • Developing stable, functional biomaterials from AV is crucial for its wider utilization.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop novel sponges from Aloe vera (AV) gel using freeze-drying.
  • To enhance the aqueous stability of AV sponges with a gellan gum (GG) coating.
  • To evaluate the structural, mechanical, and drug delivery properties of the developed AV-based sponges.

Main Methods:

  • Aloe vera gel was freeze-dried to create porous structures.
  • A thin coating of gellan gum (GG) was applied to enhance stability.
Keywords:
Aloe vera gelGellan gumRegenerative medicineSponges

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  • Sponges' porosity, swelling, mechanical properties, and protein release (BSA-FTIC) were analyzed.
  • In vitro cytotoxicity assays were performed using a mouse fibroblast cell line.

    • Main Results:

    • AV-based sponges exhibited heterogeneous porous structures with interconnected pores and high porosity (72-77%).
    • The gellan gum (GG) coating improved sponge stability, swelling behavior, and mechanical properties.
    • Sustained release of Bovine Serum Albumin-Fluorescein Isothiocyanate (BSA-FTIC) was observed over 3 weeks.
    • In vitro studies confirmed that the sponges are non-cytotoxic to mouse fibroblast cells.

    Conclusions:

    • Freeze-dried Aloe vera (AV) gel, coated with gellan gum (GG), forms stable, porous sponges.
    • These AV-based sponges demonstrate excellent potential for sustained protein delivery.
    • The developed sponges are biocompatible and suitable for biomedical applications.