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Non-LTR Retrotransposons03:18

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As the name suggests, non-LTR retrotransposons lack the long terminal repeats characteristic of the LTR retrotransposons. Additionally, both LTR and non-LTR retrotransposons use distinct mechanisms of mobilization. Non-LTR retrotransposons are further divided into two classes - Long interspersed nuclear elements (LINEs) and short interspersed nuclear elements (SINEs), both of which occur abundantly in most mammals, including humans. Some of the active non-LTR retrotransposons in humans are L1...
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Tumor Engraftment in a Xenograft Mouse Model of Human Mantle Cell Lymphoma
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MLL/KMT2A translocations in diffuse large B-cell lymphomas.

Tatyana Gindin1, Vundavalli Murty1, Bachir Alobeid1

  • 1Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University Medical Center and New York Presbyterian Hospital, New York, NY, 10032, USA.

Hematological Oncology
|August 19, 2014
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Translocations involving the KMT2A gene are linked to aggressive leukemias. However, B-cell lymphomas with KMT2A translocations show a favorable response to immunochemotherapy.

Keywords:
KMT2AMLLcytogeneticsdiffuse large B-cell lymphomarearrangementtranslocation

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Area of Science:

  • Hematology
  • Oncology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • KMT2A gene translocations are associated with high-risk leukemias and myeloid neoplasms.
  • B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphomas with KMT2A translocations are rare, with limited clinical data.
  • Histone methyltransferase genes are frequently deregulated in Diffuse Large B-cell Lymphoma (DLBCL).

Observation:

  • Two cases of extranodal DLBCL with complex karyotypes and KMT2A gene translocations at 11q23 are presented.
  • One case was a primary thyroid DLBCL, and the other was a large cell transformation of splenic marginal zone lymphoma.
  • The study discusses pathological and clinical characteristics in the context of KMT2A genetic aberrations.

Findings:

  • Patients with B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphomas harboring KMT2A translocations demonstrate a positive response to immunochemotherapy.
  • This contrasts with the poor prognosis observed in acute leukemias and myeloid neoplasms with similar KMT2A translocations.
  • The findings contribute to understanding KMT2A deregulation in DLBCL.

Implications:

  • KMT2A translocations in B-cell lymphomas may indicate a distinct clinical behavior compared to leukemias.
  • Immunochemotherapy appears effective for B-cell lymphomas with KMT2A alterations.
  • This highlights the diverse roles of epigenetic modifier gene alterations in lymphomagenesis.