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Geometrical design characteristics of orthodontic mini-implants predicting maximum insertion torque
Višnja Katić1, Ervin Kamenar2, David Blažević2
1Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics, School of Medicine, University of Rijeka, Rijeka, Croatia.
Korean Journal of Orthodontics
|August 19, 2014
Summary
Orthodontic mini-implant stability, measured by maximum insertion torque, is significantly influenced by implant diameter and thread design. Cortical bone thickness is the most critical factor, highlighting its importance for successful placement.
Area of Science:
- Orthodontics
- Biomaterials Engineering
- Dental Implantology
Background:
- Orthodontic mini-implants provide skeletal anchorage but their stability is crucial for treatment success.
- Maximum insertion torque (MIT) is a key indicator of mini-implant stability.
- Understanding how mini-implant geometry and bone characteristics affect MIT is essential for optimizing placement.
Purpose of the Study:
- To quantify the independent contribution of orthodontic mini-implant geometrical features to maximum insertion torque.
- To assess the role of cortical bone thickness in influencing maximum insertion torque.
- To establish relationships between implant design, bone properties, and insertion stability.
Main Methods:
- One hundred cylindrical self-drilling orthodontic mini-implants of various designs (Ortho Easy®, Aarhus, Dual Top™) with diameters (1.4–2.0 mm) and lengths (6, 8 mm) were analyzed.
- Maximum insertion torque was measured during manual insertion into bone samples.
- Cortical bone thickness was measured, and data were analyzed using multiple regression.
Main Results:
- Larger outer implant diameter contributed 12.3% to maximum insertion torque.
- Higher thread lead angle contributed 10.7% to maximum insertion torque.
- Thicker cortical bone was a significant predictor, uniquely contributing 24.7% to maximum insertion torque.
Conclusions:
- Cortical bone thickness is the most influential factor on maximum insertion torque.
- Selecting implant diameter and lead angle based on cortical bone thickness can optimize insertion torque and stability.
- This provides guidance for clinicians to enhance orthodontic mini-implant anchorage.
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