Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Lagging Strand Synthesis01:59

Lagging Strand Synthesis

37.9K
During replication, the complementary strands in double-stranded DNA are synthesized at different rates. Replication first begins on the leading strand. Replication starts later, occurs more slowly, and proceeds discontinuously on the lagging strand.
There are several major differences between synthesis of the leading strand and synthesis of the lagging strand. 1) Leading strand synthesis happens in the direction of replication fork opening, whereas lagging strand synthesis happens in the...
37.9K
DNA as a Genetic Template02:05

DNA as a Genetic Template

22.1K
Two structural features of the DNA molecule provide a basis for the mechanisms of heredity: the four nucleotide bases and its double-stranded nature. The Watson-Crick model of double-helical DNA structure, proposed in 1952, drew heavily upon the X-ray crystallography work of researchers Rosalind Franklin and Maurice Wilkins. Watson, Crick, and Wilkins jointly received the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for their work in 1962. Franklin was, controversially, excluded from the prize for...
22.1K
DNA Replication02:40

DNA Replication

53.8K
DNA replication involves the separation of the two strands of the double helix, with each strand serving as a template from which the new complementary strand is copied.  After replication, each double-stranded DNA includes one parental or “old” strand and one “new” strand. This is known as semiconservative replication. The resulting DNA molecules have the same sequence and are divided equally into the two daughter cells.
Replication in Prokaryotes
DNA replication...
53.8K
Chromatin Packaging01:32

Chromatin Packaging

16.3K
Each human somatic cell contains 6 billion base pairs of DNA. Each base pair is 0.34 nm long, meaning each diploid cell contains a staggering 2 meters of DNA. This long DNA strand is packed inside a nucleus measuring only 10-20 microns in diameter with the help of specialized DNA-binding proteins called histones. Together they form a compact DNA-protein complex called chromatin. The chromatin is further compacted into higher-order structures. The highest level of compaction is achieved during...
16.3K
Homologous Recombination02:31

Homologous Recombination

58.7K
The basic reaction of homologous recombination (HR) involves two chromatids that contain DNA sequences sharing a significant stretch of identity. One of these sequences uses a strand from another as a template to synthesize DNA in an enzyme-catalyzed reaction. The final product is a novel amalgamation of the two substrates. To ensure an accurate recombination of sequences, HR is restricted to the S and G2 phases of the cell cycle. At these stages, the DNA has been replicated already and the...
58.7K
The Replisome03:01

The Replisome

31.0K
DNA replication is carried out by a large complex of proteins that act in a coordinated matter to achieve high-fidelity DNA replication. Together this complex is known as the DNA replication machinery or the replisome.
The synthesis of the leading and lagging strands is a highly coordinated process. To explain this, the “Trombone model” was proposed by Bruce Alberts in 1980. The DNA loop formation starts when a primer is synthesized on the parent lagging strand. The loop grows with...
31.0K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Single-Tube, Switched Temperature Amplicon Barcoding for Multiplex Detection of Rare Mutations in Circulating Tumor DNA.

The Journal of molecular diagnostics : JMD·2025
Same author

Microfluidics-free single-cell genomics with templated emulsification.

Nature biotechnology·2023
Same author

Positive feedback loop mediated by protein phosphatase 1α mobilization of P-TEFb and basal CDK1 drives androgen receptor in prostate cancer.

Nucleic acids research·2017
Same author

ErbB2 Signaling Increases Androgen Receptor Expression in Abiraterone-Resistant Prostate Cancer.

Clinical cancer research : an official journal of the American Association for Cancer Research·2016
Same author

High-throughput genome scanning in constant tension fluidic funnels.

Lab on a chip·2012
Same author

A lab-on-chip for biothreat detection using single-molecule DNA mapping.

Lab on a chip·2011

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 25, 2026

A Simple, Robust, and High Throughput Single Molecule Flow Stretching Assay Implementation for Studying Transport of Molecules Along DNA
12:05

A Simple, Robust, and High Throughput Single Molecule Flow Stretching Assay Implementation for Studying Transport of Molecules Along DNA

Published on: October 1, 2017

11.0K

Single molecule DNA intercalation in continuous homogenous elongational flow.

Joshua W Griffis1, Mikhail M Safranovitch, Shilpi P Vyas

  • 1PathoGenetix, Woburn, MA 01801, USA. robmeltzer1@gmail.com.

Lab on a Chip
|August 19, 2014
PubMed
Summary

This study presents a microfluidic method for uniform DNA staining and stretching, enabling concentration-independent optical mapping. This technique improves the accuracy of Genome Sequence Scanning (GSS) for complex bacterial mixture detection.

More Related Videos

Single-Molecule Real-Time Visualization of DNA Unwinding by CMG Helicase
07:37

Single-Molecule Real-Time Visualization of DNA Unwinding by CMG Helicase

Published on: September 27, 2024

2.2K
Direct Observation of Enzymes Replicating DNA Using a Single-molecule DNA Stretching Assay
17:03

Direct Observation of Enzymes Replicating DNA Using a Single-molecule DNA Stretching Assay

Published on: March 23, 2010

18.2K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Apr 25, 2026

A Simple, Robust, and High Throughput Single Molecule Flow Stretching Assay Implementation for Studying Transport of Molecules Along DNA
12:05

A Simple, Robust, and High Throughput Single Molecule Flow Stretching Assay Implementation for Studying Transport of Molecules Along DNA

Published on: October 1, 2017

11.0K
Single-Molecule Real-Time Visualization of DNA Unwinding by CMG Helicase
07:37

Single-Molecule Real-Time Visualization of DNA Unwinding by CMG Helicase

Published on: September 27, 2024

2.2K
Direct Observation of Enzymes Replicating DNA Using a Single-molecule DNA Stretching Assay
17:03

Direct Observation of Enzymes Replicating DNA Using a Single-molecule DNA Stretching Assay

Published on: March 23, 2010

18.2K

Area of Science:

  • Biotechnology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Genomics

Background:

  • Fluorescence-based DNA length estimation in optical mapping relies on sequence-nonspecific staining with intercalating fluorophores.
  • DNA molecule length measurements are sensitive to the relative concentrations of DNA and dye, posing challenges when DNA concentration is unknown.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a microfluidic approach for uniform DNA staining and stretching, independent of DNA concentration.
  • To enhance the accuracy and reliability of optical mapping techniques like Genome Sequence Scanning (GSS).

Main Methods:

  • A microfluidic device entrains individual DNA molecules using laminar sheath flows containing the intercalating dye PO-PRO-1.
  • On-chip intercalation and continuous elongational flow achieve uniform staining and elastic stretching of DNA molecules.

Main Results:

  • The microfluidic method provides concentration-independent staining of long DNA fragments.
  • Uniform elastic stretching normalizes intramolecular elasticity across various DNA molecule lengths.
  • Accurate mapping of observed DNA molecules to sequence-derived templates is achieved.

Conclusions:

  • This on-chip intercalation process is crucial for concentration-independent staining in Genome Sequence Scanning (GSS).
  • The method improves the detection of complex bacterial mixtures by enhancing the accuracy of GSS analysis.