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Several body functions deteriorate with age. The external signs of aging are easily identifiable. For example, the skin becomes dry, less elastic, and thins out, forming wrinkles. The skin of the face begins to appear looser due to a decrease in the levels of elastic and collagen fibers in the connective tissue. Additionally, melanin production in the hair follicle decreases with age, resulting in gray hair. Moreover, the senses of sight and hearing decline, so glasses and hearing aids may...
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A Suppressor Screen for the Characterization of Genetic Links Regulating Chronological Lifespan in Saccharomyces cerevisiae
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[Aging and longevity].

Ewa Sikora

    Postepy Biochemii
    |August 20, 2014
    PubMed
    Summary

    Human lifespan has increased significantly, leading to more seniors and centenarians. Research into aging mechanisms, influenced by genetics and environment, aims to promote healthy longevity and combat age-related diseases.

    Area of Science:

    • Gerontology and genetics research.
    • Investigating the biological basis of aging and longevity.

    Background:

    • Human lifespan has dramatically increased over the past three centuries.
    • This demographic shift presents both opportunities and challenges, including a rise in age-related diseases.
    • Understanding aging is crucial for promoting healthy, long lives.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To elucidate the mechanisms underlying aging and longevity.
    • To identify genetic and environmental factors influencing lifespan.
    • To explore strategies for postponing aging and age-related diseases.

    Main Methods:

    • Reviewing genetic, epigenetic, and stochastic factors modulating aging.
    • Examining gene variants associated with longevity, particularly those involved in lipid metabolism and nutrient sensing pathways (insulin/IGF-1, TOR).

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  • Utilizing model organisms (yeast, worms, flies, mice) to study conserved aging processes and human polymorphism.

    • Main Results:

    • Identified genetic variants linked to longevity, influencing key metabolic and signaling pathways.
    • Demonstrated that aging mechanisms are evolutionarily conserved across species.
    • Highlighted the role of accumulated cellular damage (DNA, proteins) in senescence, inflammaging, and disease.

    Conclusions:

    • Aging and longevity are complex processes influenced by multiple factors.
    • Understanding conserved aging mechanisms offers pathways to interventions.
    • Strategies focusing on cellular repair and protection are key to extending healthy lifespan.