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Updated: Apr 25, 2026

High-throughput Quantitative Real-time RT-PCR Assay for Determining Expression Profiles of Types I and III Interferon Subtypes
Published on: March 24, 2015
Characteristics associated with drug-induced liver injury from interferon beta in multiple sclerosis patients
Kaarina Kowalec1, Elaine Kingwell, Eric M Yoshida
1University of British Columbia (UBC), Neuroscience Program , Room S178, 2211 Wesbrook Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 2B5 , Canada +1 604 822 0759 ; helen.tremlett@ubc.ca.
Objective:
To identify and characterize drug-induced liver injury (DILI) associated with IFN-β in multiple sclerosis (MS) using recommended criteria.
Methods:
This retrospective, mixed methods design included a cohort of IFN-β exposed MS patients from British Columbia (BC), Canada and a series of DILI cases from other Canadian provinces and two adverse drug reaction (ADR) networks (USA and Sweden). Associations between sex, age and IFN-β product, and DILI were explored in BC cohort using Cox proportional hazard analyses. Characteristics, including the time to DILI, were compared between sites.
Results:
In BC, 18/942 (1.9%) of IFN-β exposed MS patients met criteria for DILI, with a trend toward an increased risk for women and those exposed to IFN-β-1a SC (44 mcg 3 × weekly) (adjusted Hazard Ratios: 3.15;95% CI:0.72 - 13.72, p = 0.13 and 6.26;95%CI:0.78 - 50.39, p = 0.08, respectively). Twenty-four additional cases were identified from other sites; the median time to DILI was comparable between BC and other Canadian cases (105 and 90 days, respectively), but longer for the ADR network cases (590 days, p = 0.006).
Conclusions:
Approximately 1 in 50 IFN-β exposed patients developed DILI in BC, Canada. Identification of DILI cases from diverse sources highlighted that this reaction occurs even after years of exposure.
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