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Related Concept Videos

Energy Stored in a Capacitor01:12

Energy Stored in a Capacitor

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When an archer pulls the string in a bow, he saves the work done in the form of elastic potential energy. When he releases the string, the potential energy is released as kinetic energy of the arrow. A capacitor works on the same principle in which the work done is saved as electric potential energy. The potential energy (UC) could be calculated by measuring the work done (W) to charge the capacitor.
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Energy Stored in Capacitors01:10

Energy Stored in Capacitors

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A parallel plate capacitor, when connected to a battery, develops a potential difference across its plates. This potential difference is key to the operation of the capacitor, as it determines how much electrical energy the capacitor can store.
By integrating the equation that relates voltage and current in a capacitor, one can derive an equation for the voltage across the capacitor at any given time. This equation is crucial in understanding and predicting the behavior of capacitors in...
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A Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor (MOS) capacitor is a fundamental structure used extensively in semiconductor device technology, particularly in the fabrication of integrated circuits and MOSFETs (metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistors). The MOS capacitor consists of three layers: a metal gate, a dielectric oxide, and a semiconductor substrate.
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Capacitor With A Dielectric01:18

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Parallel plate capacitors consist of two conducting plates separated by a certain distance. However, it is mechanically difficult to hold the large plates parallel to each other without actual contact. Hence, a dielectric layer is commonly placed between the plates, which provides an easy solution for holding the plates together with a small gap and increases the capacitance of the capacitor.
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Capacitors01:15

Capacitors

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Capacitors play a crucial role in car radios, where they filter and store frequencies to ensure clear signal reception. Essentially serving as energy storage devices, capacitors store energy within their electric field and are composed of two parallel conducting plates separated by a dielectric.
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Capacitors and Capacitance01:18

Capacitors and Capacitance

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A device consisting of two electrical conductors that are separated by a distance and used to store electrical charges is called a capacitor. The space between the conductors is either a vacuum or an insulating material, called a dielectric. Capacitors have many applications, ranging from filtering static from radio reception to energy storage in heart defibrillators.
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Updated: Apr 25, 2026

Author Spotlight: Microfluidic Channel-Based Soft Electrodes and Their Application in Capacitive Pressure Sensing
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High-density, stretchable, all-solid-state microsupercapacitor arrays.

Soo Yeong Hong1, Jangyeol Yoon, Sang Woo Jin

  • 1Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, ‡KU-KIST Graduate School of Converging Science and Technology, and §Department of Civil, Environmental and Architectural Engineering, Korea University , Seoul 136-701, Republic of Korea.

ACS Nano
|August 20, 2014
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers developed highly stretchable microsupercapacitor (MSC) arrays on a flexible substrate. These power devices maintain performance under 40% strain, enabling applications in wearable electronics.

Keywords:
all-solid-state supercapacitorembedded interconnectionhigh densitylayer-by-layer assemblyliquid metalstretchable microsupercapacitor array

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Electrochemistry
  • Nanotechnology

Background:

  • Developing flexible and stretchable energy storage devices is crucial for wearable electronics and bio-integrated systems.
  • Existing stretchable energy storage solutions often suffer from performance degradation under mechanical stress.
  • Microsupercapacitors (MSCs) offer high power density but integrating them into stretchable platforms remains challenging.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To fabricate and characterize stretchable MSC arrays with enhanced electrochemical performance under mechanical deformation.
  • To design a novel deformable substrate that minimizes strain on the MSCs.
  • To demonstrate the practical application of these MSCs in powering devices under strain.

Main Methods:

  • Fabrication of MSC arrays on a heterogeneous polymer substrate with stiff islands and soft interlayers.
  • Utilizing liquid metal (Galinstan) for embedded interconnections.
  • Employing layer-by-layer assembly of MWNT/Mn3O4 hybrid electrodes and PVA-H3PO4 electrolyte.
  • Conducting finite element method (FEM) analysis to evaluate strain distribution.
  • Testing electrochemical performance and device operation under various mechanical deformations (bending, twisting, uniaxial strain).

Main Results:

  • Successful fabrication of stretchable MSC arrays exhibiting high electrochemical performance up to 40% uniaxial strain.
  • The heterogeneous substrate design effectively minimized strain on the MSCs (0.47% on islands vs. 107% on soft film at 40% uniaxial strain).
  • Double-sided integration of MSCs doubled capacitance compared to conventional designs.
  • The MSCs successfully powered LEDs under 40% strain without brightness reduction.
  • Embedded liquid metal interconnections simplified fabrication and enhanced mechanical stability.

Conclusions:

  • The developed stretchable MSC arrays demonstrate excellent electrochemical stability and mechanical robustness under significant deformation.
  • The novel substrate design and fabrication techniques offer a promising pathway for high-performance, stretchable energy storage.
  • These MSCs hold significant potential for integration into next-generation wearable electronics, bio-implantable devices, and nanoelectronics.