Exploring the implementation of a medication adherence programme by community pharmacists: a qualitative study

Area of Science:

• Pharmaceutical Practice
• Health Services Research
• Patient Adherence

Background:

• Medication adherence is critical for successful treatment outcomes.
• A Swiss study involved 24 community pharmacists in an adherence support program for hypertension, diabetes, and dyslipidemia.
• The program integrated patient consultations and electronic monitoring (MEMS6™) for medication management.

Purpose of the Study:

• To investigate pharmacists' perceptions and experiences regarding the implementation of a medication adherence program.
• To identify reasons for the low enrollment of only seven patients in the program.

Main Methods:

• Qualitative study conducted in community pharmacies in French-speaking Switzerland.
• In-depth, audio-recorded interviews with 20 participating pharmacists.
• Verbatim transcription, coding, and thematic analysis, with rigorous quality assurance through an audit trail and second-reviewer verification.

Main Results:

• Key barriers included poor patient communication, insufficient physician collaboration, integration challenges within pharmacy operations, and low pharmacist motivation.
• Pharmacist motivation was impacted by perceived inadequate remuneration and a lack of strategic clarity on their role in healthcare.
• Existing collaboration with physicians emerged as a significant facilitator.

Conclusions:

• Numerous barriers hinder the implementation of medication adherence programs in community pharmacies.
• Enhanced training in communication and change management, alongside individualized support, is recommended for successful program implementation.
• Addressing identified barriers is essential for improving pharmacist-led adherence support initiatives.