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Multiphasic scaffolds for periodontal tissue engineering.

S Ivanovski¹, C Vaquette², S Gronthos³

¹Griffith Health Institute, Regenerative Medicine Center, School of Dentistry and Oral Health, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Australia s.ivanovski@griffith.edu.au.

Journal of Dental Research

|August 21, 2014

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Tissue-engineered scaffolds show promise for periodontal regeneration. These advanced materials aim to guide the coordinated healing of bone, cementum, and periodontal ligament for improved clinical outcomes.

Area of Science:

Biomaterials Science
Regenerative Medicine
Periodontal Tissue Engineering

Background:

Periodontal regeneration necessitates coordinated healing of multiple tissues: periodontal ligament, gingiva, cementum, and bone.
Successful regeneration requires complex, stable 3D tissue-engineered constructs capable of functional periodontal attachment.
Current limitations exist in achieving predictable periodontal regeneration through tissue engineering.

Purpose of the Study:

To review advances in multiphasic scaffold fabrication for periodontal tissue engineering.
To explore the combination of scaffolds with cell- and growth factor-based approaches.
To highlight strategies for recapitulating complex wound-healing events for predictable regeneration.

Main Methods:

Keywords:

biomaterials bone cementum periodontal ligament periodontal regeneration regenerative medicine

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Review of current literature on multiphasic scaffold fabrication techniques.

Analysis of strategies combining scaffolds with cellular and growth factor therapies.

Evaluation of scaffold properties for promoting cementogenesis, periodontal fiber alignment, and bone regeneration.

Main Results:

Multiphasic scaffolds can be engineered to deliver cells for cementogenesis and provide biomechanical and osteogenic cues.
Promising strategies involve scaffolds that stabilize cells on the root surface and guide tissue organization.
These advanced constructs aim to facilitate functional periodontal attachment and bone regeneration.

Conclusions:

Periodontal tissue engineering using multiphasic scaffolds is an emerging field with significant potential.
Further development requires testing in large animal models and human clinical trials.
Optimized constructs are crucial for achieving predictable periodontal regeneration and functional attachment.