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Related Concept Videos

Nondisjunction01:29

Nondisjunction

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During meiosis, chromosomes occasionally separate improperly. This occurs due to failure of homologous chromosome separation during meiosis I or failed sister chromatid separation during meiosis II. In some species, notably plants, nondisjunction can result in an organism with an entire additional set of chromosomes, which is called polyploidy. In humans, nondisjunction can occur during male or female gametogenesis and the resulting gametes possess one too many or one too few chromosomes.
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Nondisjunction01:21

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Nondisjunction is the failure of homologous chromosomes or sister chromatids to separate correctly and move to the opposite poles of the cells. This produces daughter cells with abnormal chromosome numbers.  Nondisjunction is common during anaphase I or anaphase II of meiosis.  Mutations in synaptonemal complex proteins that attach homologous chromosomes increase the chances of nondisjunction in anaphase I of meiosis I. In contrast, mutations in topoisomerases and condensins that hold...
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Nondisjunction

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X and Y Chromosomes02:32

X and Y Chromosomes

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Among mammals, the gender of an organism is determined by the sex chromosomes. Humans have two sex chromosomes, X and Y. Every human diploid cell has 22 pairs of autosomes and one pair of sex chromosomes. A human female has two X chromosomes, while a male has one X chromosome and one Y chromosome.
The germline cells such as egg and sperm cells carry only half the number of chromosomes, i.e., 22 autosomes and one sex chromosome. All eggs have an X chromosome, while sperm cells can carry an X or...
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X-Inactivation01:58

X-Inactivation

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The human X chromosome contains over ten times the number of genes as in the Y chromosome. Since males have only one X chromosome, and females have two, one might expect females to produce twice as many of the proteins, with undesirable results.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 25, 2026

Exploring X Chromosomal Aberrations in Ovarian Cells by Using Fluorescence In Situ Hybridization
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[MonoMAC syndrome].

Zhao-Long Chen1, Yun-Fei An, Xiao-Dong Zhao

  • 1Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400014, China. chentcm@163.com.

Zhongguo Dang Dai Er Ke Za Zhi = Chinese Journal of Contemporary Pediatrics
|August 21, 2014
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

MonoMAC syndrome, a GATA-2 mutation disorder, causes immune deficiencies and increases risks for hematological diseases. Current treatments include symptom management and stem cell transplantation.

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Area of Science:

  • Genetics
  • Immunology
  • Hematology

Context:

  • MonoMAC syndrome is a rare immune deficiency.
  • It stems from GATA-2 gene mutations.
  • It presents as an autosomal dominant disorder.

Purpose:

  • To review current research on MonoMAC syndrome.
  • To cover clinical, diagnostic, and therapeutic aspects.

Summary:

  • MonoMAC syndrome involves immune cell abnormalities, severe infections, and a predisposition to hematological diseases.
  • GATA-2 mutations are the underlying cause.
  • Treatment options include symptomatic care and hematopoietic stem cell transplantation.

Impact:

  • Provides a comprehensive overview of MonoMAC syndrome.
  • Highlights the need for further research in diagnosis and treatment.
  • Aids clinicians in managing patients with this rare condition.