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Immediate loading implants with mandibular overdenture: a 48-month prospective follow-up study.

Karla Zancope1, Paulo Cézar Simamoto Júnior1, Letícia Resende Davi1

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Summary

Two immediately loaded implants with bar-retained overdentures offer a clinically viable solution for mandibular rehabilitation. This study found a high implant survival rate of 97.1% after 48 months.

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Area of Science:

  • Dental Implantology
  • Prosthodontics
  • Periodontology

Background:

  • Mandibular overdentures provide improved function and aesthetics.
  • Immediate loading of dental implants can reduce treatment time.
  • Bar-retained overdentures offer enhanced stability compared to conventional dentures.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the long-term (48 months) clinical outcomes of mandibular overdentures retained by two immediately loaded implants.
  • To assess factors influencing marginal bone loss and implant survival rates.

Main Methods:

  • Prospective clinical study involving 20 patients (17 re-evaluated) treated with two splinted interforaminal implants.
  • Data collected: plaque index, gingival inflammation, keratinized mucosa, probing depth, bleeding, implant loss, and marginal bone loss via periapical radiographs.
  • Statistical analysis included ANOVA, Student's t-test, Pearson's correlation, and Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test.

Main Results:

  • One implant failure (2.9%) occurred within the first year.
  • Mean marginal bone loss was 1.46 mm (range 0.52-2.89 mm).
  • Mean probing depth was 2.22 mm (range 1.75-3.75 mm).
  • Significant correlations were found between bone loss and plaque index, and between bone loss and gender.
  • No significant correlation was observed between bone loss and gingival inflammation, keratinized mucosa, probing depth, or age.

Conclusions:

  • The use of two immediately loaded, splinted interforaminal implants for bar-retained mandibular overdentures is a clinically viable treatment option.
  • This approach demonstrates a high implant survival rate of 97.1% at 48 months.
  • Plaque index and gender are potential factors influencing marginal bone loss in this treatment modality.