Postnatally acquired dengue in a neonate--a case report

Area of Science:

• Medical Virology
• Pediatric Infectious Diseases
• Neonatology

Background:

• Dengue virus (DENV) infection, historically a pediatric illness, now shows increasing incidence in adults.
• The disease is increasingly encountered in infants and neonates, with vertical transmission being the usual route.
• This highlights a shift in the epidemiology of dengue fever.

Observation:

• A case of dengue virus infection in a neonate is reported.
• This specific case involved horizontal transmission, a less common route in neonates.
• The neonate presented with symptoms suggestive of sepsis.

Findings:

• The study documents a neonate acquiring dengue virus infection through horizontal transmission.
• This finding contrasts with the typical vertical (mother-to-child) transmission observed in neonates.
• The neonate's condition required careful differential diagnosis.

Implications:

• Dengue virus infection should be considered in the differential diagnosis of neonatal septicemia.
• Early consideration is crucial, especially during known dengue seasons.
• Prompt diagnosis and management are essential for improved neonatal outcomes, even without clear maternal symptoms.