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Published on: January 5, 2017
Urinary CD80 levels as a diagnostic biomarker of minimal change disease
Chen Ling1, Xiaorong Liu, Ying Shen
1Department of Nephrology, Beijing Children's Hospital affiliated to Capital Medical University, West District Nan Li Shi Lu 56th, Beijing, 100045, China.
Background:
Early diagnosis of minimal change disease (MCD) in nephrotic syndrome (NS) patients remains challenging. Doctors often make a diagnosis of MCD using invasive renal biopsy. CD80, a transmembrane protein, is present on podocytes in a number of experimental models of NS. Urinary CD80 levels are significantly elevated in MCD but not in focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) or other glomerulopathies. The purpose of this study was to investigate the feasibility of using urinary CD80 levels as a biomarker for the diagnosis of MCD.
Materials And Methods:
A total of 165 subjects, 129 men and 36 women, were enrolled in this study. Urinary samples were collected from 37 patients with MCD, 27 patients with FSGS, 30 patients with other glomerulopathies, and 71 healthy people. Using ELISA, experimental values were compared with those produced by kidney biopsy samples.
Results:
The concentration of urinary CD80 was significantly higher in the active MCD group (689.66 ± 378.21 ng/g creatinine) than in the FSGS group (123.49 ± 167. 88 ng/g creatinine, P < 0.00), other glomerulopathies group (152.37 ± 220. 14 ng/g creatinine, P < 0.001) and the control group (81.83 ± 23.01 ng/g creatinine; P < 0.001). A cutoff value of 328.98 (ng/g creatinine) was proposed, with a sensitivity of 81.1 % and specificity of 94.4 %. The area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve for the urinary CD80 to diagnose MCD was 0.925 (95 % confidence interval: 0.873-0.978).
Conclusions:
This experiment has preliminarily confirmed urinary CD80 as a non-invasive diagnostic biomarker. It may have significant value in the diagnosis of MCD.
Insights
Urinary CD80 levels show promise as a non-invasive biomarker for diagnosing minimal change disease (MCD) in nephrotic syndrome (NS) patients. This finding could reduce the need for invasive kidney biopsies in MCD diagnosis.
Area of Science:
- Nephrology
- Biomarker Discovery
- Diagnostic Medicine
Background:
- Minimal change disease (MCD) diagnosis in nephrotic syndrome (NS) often relies on invasive renal biopsy.
- CD80, a transmembrane protein found on podocytes, is elevated in urinary samples of MCD patients.
- Urinary CD80 levels differentiate MCD from other glomerulopathies like focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS).
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the feasibility of using urinary CD80 levels as a non-invasive biomarker for MCD diagnosis.
- To assess the diagnostic accuracy of urinary CD80 in distinguishing MCD from other kidney diseases.
Main Methods:
- A cohort of 165 subjects including patients with MCD, FSGS, other glomerulopathies, and healthy controls were enrolled.
- Urinary samples were analyzed using Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA).
- Urinary CD80 concentrations were compared with kidney biopsy findings.
Main Results:
- Urinary CD80 concentration was significantly higher in active MCD patients compared to FSGS, other glomerulopathies, and control groups.
- A cutoff value of 328.98 ng/g creatinine demonstrated 81.1% sensitivity and 94.4% specificity for MCD diagnosis.
- The area under the ROC curve was 0.925, indicating high diagnostic performance for urinary CD80 in identifying MCD.
Conclusions:
- Urinary CD80 serves as a promising non-invasive diagnostic biomarker for MCD.
- This biomarker holds significant potential for improving the diagnostic approach to MCD.
- Further validation may reduce reliance on invasive procedures for MCD diagnosis.
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