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Mechanism of Regulation of Adipocyte Numbers in Adult Organisms Through Differentiation and Apoptosis Homeostasis
Published on: June 3, 2016
Adipokines: a link between obesity and dementia?
Amanda J Kiliaan1, Ilse A C Arnoldussen1, Deborah R Gustafson2
1Department of Anatomy, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition, and Behaviour, Radboud university medical center, Nijmegen, Netherlands.
High body mass index (BMI) and central adiposity are linked to brain health issues and dementia risk. Adipokines, hormones from fat tissue, may explain these connections, prompting further research into their role in Alzheimer's disease.
Area of Science:
- Neuroscience
- Endocrinology
- Gerontology
Background:
- Overweight/obesity (measured by BMI or waist circumference) is associated with brain atrophy, white matter changes, and blood-brain barrier issues.
- These factors increase the risk of late-onset dementia and Alzheimer's disease (AD).
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the mechanisms linking body-mass index (BMI) to brain health and dementia risk.
- To explore the role of adipose tissue hormones and adipokines as potential mediators.
Main Methods:
- Reviewing existing literature on adipokines and their association with dementia.
- Examining studies on brain imaging (volume, structure, function) in relation to adipokines.
- Considering both human and preclinical models of dementia.
Main Results:
- Adipokines, hormones secreted by adipose tissue, are implicated in the relationship between obesity and brain health.
- Research is ongoing to understand the complex network of hundreds of identified adipokines.
- Adipokines are being studied for their association with clinical dementia outcomes and brain imaging markers.
Conclusions:
- Adipose tissue endocrine function, via adipokines, is a key area of investigation for understanding dementia risk.
- Further research is needed to elucidate the specific roles of various adipokines in neurodegeneration and Alzheimer's disease.
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