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[The clinical examination for posttransfusion hepatitis].

T Kuroki, S Nishiguchi, S Nakajima

    Rinsho Byori. the Japanese Journal of Clinical Pathology
    |July 1, 1989
    PubMed
    Summary

    This study investigated viral hepatitis types A, B, D, and non-A non-B. Diagnostic challenges and incidences were identified, including non-A non-B hepatitis progression to chronic forms.

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    Cancer·1996

    Area of Science:

    • Hepatology
    • Virology
    • Infectious Diseases
    • Immunology

    Background:

    • Viral hepatitis remains a significant global health concern, encompassing various etiological agents.
    • Accurate diagnosis and understanding the epidemiology of different hepatitis types are crucial for effective management and prevention strategies.
    • Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is a known risk factor for Hepatitis D virus (HDV) infection.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To evaluate diagnostic methods for viral hepatitis types A, B, D, and non-A non-B.
    • To determine the incidence of Hepatitis D virus (HDV) infection among Hepatitis B virus (HBV) carriers.
    • To assess the incidence and chronicity rate of non-A non-B hepatitis in recipients.

    Main Methods:

    • Hepatitis A diagnosis utilized serological examination for IgM anti-Hepatitis A (anti-HA) and total anti-HA.

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  • Hepatitis B diagnosis involved Radioimmunoassay (RIA) for Hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg), IgM anti-Hepatitis B core (anti-HBc), and hepatocyte HBsAg staining.
  • Hepatitis D diagnosis employed RIA for anti-delta and PAP staining for delta antigen in hepatocytes, alongside HBsAg testing.

    • Main Results:

    • Some Hepatitis A cases tested negative for IgM anti-HA within two weeks of onset.
    • Hepatitis B cases negative for serum HBsAg were identified, showing positive IgM anti-HBc or positive hepatocyte HBsAg with high total anti-HBc titers.
    • All Hepatitis D cases were HBsAg positive and showed positive anti-delta in serum and delta antigen in hepatocytes. HDV infection incidence was 0.7% in HBV carriers.
    • Non-A non-B hepatitis incidence was 27.6% in 105 recipients, with a 20.0% progression rate to chronicity.

    Conclusions:

    • Diagnostic challenges exist for Hepatitis A and B, necessitating a combination of serological markers and antigen detection.
    • Hepatitis D virus (HDV) coinfection is present in a small percentage of HBV carriers.
    • Non-A non-B hepatitis poses a significant risk, with a notable proportion progressing to chronic liver disease.