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Uniform depth channel flow keeps fluid depth consistent along channels such as irrigation canals. In natural channels, such as rivers, approximate uniform flow is often assumed. This condition occurs when the channel’s bottom slope matches the energy slope, balancing potential energy lost from gravity with head loss due to shear stress. This balance prevents depth changes along the channel length, resulting in a steady, uniform flow.Uniform flow in open channels with a constant...
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To calculate the flow rate for a trapezoidal channel, first, identify the bottom width, side slope, and flow depth of the channel. The cross-sectional area (A) corresponding to the depth of flow (y), channel bottom width (B), and side slope (θ) is determined by:Next, calculate the wetted perimeter, which includes the bottom width and the sloped side lengths in contact with the water. Using the values of the cross-sectional area and the wetted perimeter, determine the hydraulic radius by...
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Characterization of Anisotropic Leaky Mode Modulators for Holovideo
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A watermarking scheme for High Efficiency Video Coding (HEVC).

Salahuddin Swati1, Khizar Hayat2, Zafar Shahid1

  • 1COMSATS Institute of Information Technology, Abbottabad, Pakistan.

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|August 22, 2014
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study introduces a high payload watermarking technique for High Efficiency Video Coding (HEVC). The method embeds data in Quantized Transform Coefficients (QTCs) without impacting video quality or bitrate.

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Area of Science:

  • Digital video compression
  • Information security
  • Multimedia systems

Background:

  • High Efficiency Video Coding (HEVC) offers superior compression over H.264/AVC.
  • HEVC is anticipated for widespread use in future applications.
  • Metadata hiding and broadcast applications require robust watermarking solutions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To propose a high payload watermarking scheme specifically for HEVC.
  • To ensure the watermarking algorithm is suitable for broadcast and metadata hiding applications.

Main Methods:

  • Watermark embedding within Quantized Transform Coefficients (QTCs) during HEVC encoding.
  • Complete watermark detection and extraction during the HEVC decoding process.

Main Results:

  • The proposed watermarking scheme achieves high payload capacity.
  • No significant degradation in video quality was observed.
  • No substantial increase in bitrate was detected.

Conclusions:

  • The developed HEVC watermarking algorithm is effective for high payload embedding.
  • The scheme is practical for applications like broadcasting and metadata security.
  • The algorithm balances payload capacity with minimal impact on video quality and bitrate.