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Related Concept Videos

Vibrating Concrete01:19

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Mechanical vibrators are instrumental in compacting newly poured concrete within formwork and around reinforcements. This process is essential to eliminate trapped air pockets and establish a dense concrete mass. One widely used method is vibrating by internal vibrators, often referred to as a poker vibrator or immersion vibrator. It is rapidly inserted through the full depth of the freshly laid concrete and slightly extends into the layer below it (which remains in a plastic state). Consistent...
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Abrasion resistance is an essential characteristic of concrete that determines its durability and longevity under various wear conditions. Concrete surfaces are vulnerable to different types of abrasion. For instance, surfaces may wear down due to the constant movement of vehicles or be eroded by solids carried in water, as seen in concrete canal linings. Specific tests are conducted to measure the abrasion resistance of concrete.
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Vebe Test01:22

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The Vebe test is a method used to measure the workability of concrete, particularly effective for dry concrete mixes. This test employs a specific apparatus that includes a cylindrical chamber, a standard slump cone, and a transparent disc-shaped rider, all mounted on a vibrating table. The cylindrical chamber has dimensions of nine and a half inches in diameter and eight inches in height.
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Fatigue01:21

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Fatigue occurs when materials rupture under repeated or fluctuating loads, even at stress levels far below their static breaking strength. It typically results in brittle failure, even for ductile materials. It is a critical consideration in designing machines and structural components subjected to repetitive or varying loads. The nature of these loadings can range from fluctuating loads like unbalanced pump impellers causing vibrations to repeatedly bending a thin steel rod wire back and forth...
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The workability of concrete is a crucial property that affects its handling, placing, and finishing during construction. It describes the ease with which concrete can be mixed, placed, compacted, and finished. Workability is primarily concerned with the concrete's movement and its ability to resist internal friction and external resistance from molds and reinforcements during the application process.
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Measurement of the Hand Transmitted Vibration of the Human Hand Arm System During Operation of a Hand Tractor
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Work ability in vibration-exposed workers.

L Gerhardsson1, M Hagberg2

  • 1Occupational and Environmental Medicine, University of Gothenburg, Box 414, SE-405 30 Gothenburg, Sweden. lars.gerhardsson@amm.gu.se.

Occupational Medicine (Oxford, England)
|August 23, 2014
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Workers exposed to hand-arm vibration showed impaired sensory perception. Stress and arm pain significantly impact their work ability, alongside vibration exposure effects.

Keywords:
Hand–arm vibration syndromepain and stress disordersvibration exposurework ability.

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Area of Science:

  • Occupational Medicine
  • Environmental Health
  • Neurology

Background:

  • Hand-arm vibration exposure is a known risk factor for developing hand-arm vibration syndrome (HAVS).
  • HAVS can manifest as sensorineural disturbances, affecting workers' health and function.
  • Understanding factors influencing work ability in these individuals is crucial for occupational health management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify key factors significantly impacting work ability in individuals exposed to hand-arm vibration.
  • To compare sensory perception and physical capabilities between vibration-exposed workers and an unexposed population.
  • To develop a predictive model for work ability based on various health and exposure-related factors.

Main Methods:

  • A cross-sectional study comparing vibration-exposed workers with a randomized sample of unexposed individuals from the general population.
  • Participants underwent structured interviews, questionnaires, and physical examinations, including muscle strength and sensory perception tests (vibrotactile and thermal thresholds).
  • Multiple regression analysis was employed to determine the relationship between different factors and estimated work ability.

Main Results:

  • Vibration-exposed workers exhibited significantly reduced thermal sensitivity in digits and elevated vibration perception thresholds compared to controls.
  • A multiple regression model demonstrated that age, current stress levels, and current pain in hands/arms were strongly associated with estimated work ability.
  • The model indicated that estimated work ability = 11.4 - 0.1 × age - 2.3 × current stress level - 2.5 × current pain in hands/arms (multiple r = 0.68; P < 0.001).

Conclusions:

  • Vibration-exposed workers present with measurable sensory deficits, including impaired vibrotactile and thermal perception.
  • Factors beyond direct vibration exposure, such as stress disorders and musculoskeletal pain in the hands and arms, significantly influence work ability in individuals with HAVS.
  • These findings underscore the need for a holistic approach when assessing and managing work ability in vibration-exposed workers.