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Changes in angle of optic nerve and angle of ocular orbit with increasing age in Japanese children
Hideyuki Tsukitome1, Yoshikazu Hatsukawa2, Tomoko Morimitsu2
1Department of Ophthalmology, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, Tsu, Japan.
Insights
The ocular orbit angle significantly decreases with age in children, stabilizing after age three. This change is crucial for diagnosing and treating pediatric strabismus.
Area of Science:
- Ophthalmology
- Pediatric Ophthalmology
- Radiology
Background:
- Age-related changes in orbital anatomy are critical for understanding visual development.
- Optic nerve and ocular orbit angles are key anatomical parameters in pediatric ophthalmology.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the relationship between age and the opening angles of the optic nerve and ocular orbit in healthy Japanese children.
- To establish normative data for these angles in a pediatric population.
Main Methods:
- Computed tomography (CT) scans of 147 normal children (6 months to 18 years) were analyzed.
- Measurements included the optic nerve opening angle and the ocular orbit opening angle.
- Regression analysis was used to determine the correlation between age and the measured angles.
Main Results:
- No significant correlation was found between age and the optic nerve opening angle.
- The ocular orbit opening angle showed a significant decrease with age (p<0.001), particularly in the first 2-3 years.
- A logarithmic regression model best described the age-related decrease in the ocular orbit opening angle.
Conclusions:
- The significant age-related decrease in the ocular orbit opening angle is an important consideration in pediatric strabismus diagnosis and management.
- These findings contribute to understanding normal orbital development in children.
Purpose:
To study changes in the opening angle of the optic nerve and the angle of the ocular orbit with increasing age in normal Japanese children.
Methods:
We studied 147 normal children (aged 6 months to 18 years) who had undergone CT as a diagnostic procedure. Measurements were performed on axial CT images that included the entire optic nerve of both eyes. The opening angle of the optic nerve was defined as the angle formed by the intersection of a line running through the left optic nerve and a vertical line passing through the centre of the nose. The opening angle of the orbit was defined as the angle formed by the intersection of a line running tangentially along the deep lateral wall of the left orbit and a vertical line passing through the centre of the nose. The relationship between age and these opening angles was analysed by regression analysis.
Results:
The correlation between age and opening angle of the optic nerve was not significant. In contrast, the opening angle of the orbit decreased relatively rapidly until about 2-3 years of age, and then it stabilised. The decrease in the opening angle of the orbit with increasing age was significant (p<0.001). The relationship between these two parameters was best fitted by a logarithmic regression curve.
Conclusions:
Because the opening angle of the orbit decreased significantly with increasing age, this factor must be considered when diagnosing and treating strabismus in children.
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