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The plastic ear and perceptual relearning in auditory spatial perception.

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  • 1School of Medical Sciences and Bosch Institute, University of Sydney Sydney, NSW, Australia.

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Adult auditory systems adapt to distorted sound location cues, with auditory-motor learning significantly enhancing this recalibration. This plasticity has implications for hearing aid and cochlear implant rehabilitation.

Keywords:
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Area of Science:

  • Auditory Neuroscience
  • Sensory Perception
  • Neuroplasticity

Background:

  • The adult auditory system can adapt to changes in spectral cues that affect sound localization.
  • This adaptation, or recalibration, is crucial for maintaining accurate spatial hearing despite lifelong changes in the ear's shape.
  • Non-auditory inputs play a significant role in this adaptive process.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the role of auditory and non-auditory inputs in sound localization perception.
  • To examine recent experiments on non-auditory inputs' role in adapting to altered spectral cues.
  • To explore the potential of auditory-motor learning in perceptual recalibration.

Main Methods:

  • Review of studies using ear molds to alter spectral cues and degrade localization.
  • Analysis of experiments investigating chronic exposure effects (10-60 days) on localization performance.
  • Examination of research on multi-modal and sensory-motor feedback influencing accommodation.

Main Results:

  • Chronic exposure to altered spectral cues leads to partial recovery of localization performance.
  • This recovery occurs in both audio-visual and audio-only spatial regions.
  • Training with auditory-motor feedback (5-10 days) significantly improved the rate and extent of accommodation to altered spectral cues.

Conclusions:

  • Auditory-motor learning is a key factor in the functional plasticity of the adult auditory system for sound localization.
  • Understanding these mechanisms has implications for encoding spatial cues and adaptive training.
  • Findings suggest potential benefits for rehabilitative strategies involving hearing aids and cochlear prostheses.