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Related Concept Videos

The Thyroid Gland01:23

The Thyroid Gland

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The thyroid gland is a small, butterfly-shaped gland located in the neck and covers the anterior surface of the trachea. The gland has two lateral lobes connected by a thin tissue mass called the isthmus. Internally, each lobe comprises many small spherical structures known as thyroid follicles, surrounded by a network of blood vessels.
The follicles have a central cavity lined by simple cuboidal to squamous epithelial cells called follicular cells. These cells produce the glycoprotein...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 25, 2026

Transoral Endoscopic Thyroidectomy Vestibular Approach for Thyroid Lobectomy
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Incision Planning in Thyroid Compartment Surgery: Getting it Perfect.

William S Duke1, Carrie M Bush1, Michael C Singer1

  • 1Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Georgia Regents University, Augusta, Georgia.

Endocrine Practice : Official Journal of the American College of Endocrinology and the American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists
|August 24, 2014
PubMed
Summary

Marking thyroid surgery incision sites in an upright position ensures a predictable scar location. Patient positioning significantly shifts cervical landmarks, impacting thyroid compartment incision placement and final scar visibility.

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Area of Science:

  • Surgical anatomy
  • Plastic surgery

Background:

  • Thyroid compartment surgery requires precise incision placement for optimal cosmetic outcomes.
  • Patient positioning during surgery can alter the location of cutaneous landmarks, potentially affecting scar placement.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate how patient positioning affects thyroid compartment incision site location.
  • To establish a reliable method for achieving an optimal vertical scar placement in thyroid surgery.

Main Methods:

  • The ideal incision site was marked on patients in an upright sitting position prior to surgery.
  • The distance from the sternal notch to the marked incision was measured in upright, supine, and final surgical positions.

Main Results:

  • Measurements from 104 procedures showed significant differences in incision site distance from the sternal notch across positions (sitting: 4.8 mm, supine: 21.5 mm, surgical: 31.9 mm; P<.0001).
  • These positional changes were independent of patient demographics such as age, sex, BMI, or height.

Conclusions:

  • Cervical cutaneous landmarks undergo significant migration with changes in patient positioning.
  • Marking the thyroid incision site while the patient is upright provides a more consistent and predictable final scar location.