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Weight changes in young adults: a mixed-methods study
C K Nikolaou1, C R Hankey1, M E J Lean1
1Human Nutrition Department, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow Royal Infirmary, Glasgow, UK.
International Journal of Obesity (2005)
|August 26, 2014
Summary
Young adults experience rapid weight gain, particularly first-year students. Lifestyle changes like increased alcohol consumption and challenges with budget, peer influence, and time management contribute to this obesogenic behavior.
Area of Science:
- Public Health
- Nutrition Science
- Behavioral Science
Background:
- Obesity is a significant public health concern in the United States and United Kingdom.
- Young adulthood, especially the first year of university, is a critical period for rapid weight gain.
- Understanding the factors contributing to weight gain in this demographic is crucial for developing effective interventions.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the prevalence and predictors of weight gain among first-year university students.
- To explore the lifestyle behaviors and perceived barriers associated with weight changes in this population.
- To identify key themes influencing healthy lifestyle choices and weight management in students living away from home.
Main Methods:
- A triangulation protocol combining quantitative and qualitative research methods was employed.
- A 27-question online survey was administered to first-year undergraduates at baseline and after a 9-month interval.
- Online focus groups were conducted and analyzed thematically, with self-reported weight and height validated against objective measurements.
Main Results:
- A mean weight gain of 1.8 kg was observed over 9 months among 1275 participating students.
- Baseline weight was a significant predictor of weight gain; dairy consumption was associated with less weight gain.
- Increased alcohol consumption was identified as a primary lifestyle change linked to weight gain, with budget, peer influence, and time management as key barriers.
Conclusions:
- Young adults, particularly students living independently, are at high risk for rapid weight gain due to obesogenic behaviors.
- Contrary to popular belief, fruit and vegetable consumption and physical activity were not significantly associated with protection against weight gain in this study.
- Addressing barriers such as budget, peer influence, and time management is essential for promoting healthy lifestyles and mitigating weight gain in university students.
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