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Related Concept Videos

Structure of Cardiac Muscles01:13

Structure of Cardiac Muscles

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Cardiac muscle, or myocardium, is a specialized type of muscle found exclusively in the heart. Its unique structural and functional characteristics enable the heart to perform its vital role of pumping blood throughout the body continuously and rhythmically. The cardiac muscle cells, or cardiomyocytes, possess an endomysium and perimysium but do not have an epimysium.
Compared to skeletal muscles, cardiac muscle cells are small and mostly have a single nucleus. Additionally, they are usually...
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Specialized Characteristics of Cardiac Muscles01:27

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The primary role of cardiac muscles is to propel blood throughout the cardiovascular system. The cardiac muscle cells, or cardiomyocytes, exhibit specialized characteristics that allow them to perform this function.
Cardiac muscle cells are smaller than skeletal muscles, averaging 10–20 mm in diameter and 50–100 mm in length. However, they have large energy demands for continuous contraction and relaxation. This energy is almost exclusively derived from aerobic metabolism of energy...
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In Vitro Differentiation of Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells into Functional Cardiomyocyte-like Cells
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Functional Characterization of Human Stem Cell-Derived Cardiomyocytes.

Glenn E Kirsch1, Carlos A Obejero-Paz1, Andrew Bruening-Wright1

  • 1ChanTest Corporation, Cleveland, Ohio USA.

Current Protocols in Pharmacology
|August 26, 2014
PubMed
Summary

Early cardiac toxicity testing using human stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes (SC-hCM) helps predict drug risks. This method uses SC-hCM electrophysiology to assess potential cardiac dangers, improving drug safety.

Keywords:
Stem cell-derived cardiomyocyteselectrophysiologyimpedance

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular pharmacology
  • Stem cell biology
  • Drug safety assessment

Background:

  • Cardiac toxicity is a major cause of drug attrition and market withdrawal.
  • Accurate early-stage cardiac risk assessment is crucial for drug development.
  • Primary human cardiomyocytes are limited, necessitating alternative models.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To describe methods for assessing cardiac risk using human stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes (SC-hCM).
  • To highlight the utility of SC-hCM electrophysiology in early drug safety evaluation.
  • To provide techniques for recording key electrophysiological parameters.

Main Methods:

  • Recording of individual ion currents (sodium, calcium, potassium) in SC-hCM.
  • Measurement of single-cell action potentials.
  • Impedance recordings from contracting SC-hCM syncytia.

Main Results:

  • Established techniques for detailed electrophysiological analysis of SC-hCM.
  • Demonstrated the feasibility of assessing cardiac ion channel function and action potentials.
  • Enabled evaluation of cardiac network activity through impedance measurements.

Conclusions:

  • Human stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes (SC-hCM) provide a viable model for early cardiac safety testing.
  • SC-hCM electrophysiology is a valuable tool for predicting drug-induced cardiotoxicity.
  • These methods aid in mitigating cardiac risks during drug discovery and development.