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Cardiac stimulation with electronic control device application.

Scott M Koerber1, Sivakumar Ardhanari1, Wayne C McDaniel2

  • 1Department of Internal Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri.

The Journal of Emergency Medicine
|August 27, 2014
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Electronic control devices (ECDs) can cause cardiac stimulation, particularly with chest application. The Taser X3 device did not induce cardiac stimulation in pigs, regardless of size.

Keywords:
TASERcardiac stimulationdysrhythmiaelectronic control devicestun gun

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Physiology
  • Forensic Science
  • Medical Device Safety

Background:

  • Electronic control devices (ECDs) are used to incapacitate subjects.
  • Sudden deaths have occurred post-ECD application, with uncertain causes due to inconsistent cardiac dysrhythmia observations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify factors contributing to cardiac stimulation during ECD use.
  • To detect cardiac stimulation using transesophageal echocardiography.

Main Methods:

  • Anesthetized Yorkshire pigs were instrumented for echocardiography.
  • Five commercial ECD devices were applied to the chest and abdomen of pigs.
  • Cardiac function and heart rate were monitored during ECD application.

Main Results:

  • Cardiac stimulation did not occur with abdominal dart placement.
  • Chest dart application of most ECDs caused cardiac stimulation in small pigs, except for the Taser X3.
  • Large pigs showed cardiac stimulation only with chest application of the S200 AT device.

Conclusions:

  • Cardiac stimulation during ECD use is influenced by pig size, dart orientation, and the specific device.
  • The Taser X3 demonstrated no cardiac stimulation in either small or large pigs.